Bender Alexandersen (washerfang36)

3%) were observed over nine sequential cycles. Meanwhile, an average ETA of 6.3 ± 0.2 g/L/day was obtained. This method can have practical applications in improving the efficiency and speeding up small-scale vinegar production. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020.The supplementation of 50 ppm dosed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a disinfectant in broilers drinking water was investigated to examine their growth performance, blood serum biochemistry, and organ histology in the case group, compared to the control. The growth performance parameters, such as water intake, feed intake, and body weight were recorded 6 times, each in an interval of 7 days, over a period of 42 days. At the end of each 42 days, the blood and major organs of the 1 case boiler out of 75 and 1 control broiler out of 75 were collected in random. The procedure was repeated 3 sets one after another, each consisting 42 day intervening period. The liver enzyme, lipid profile, glucose level, organ histology, and concentration of AgNPs in liver, spleen, heart, and small intestine were determined. The obtained results show that the growth performance of the case broilers was significantly higher than the control section (p 0.05). The histology of liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and small intestine of broilers has not shown any damages to the cells as compared to the control samples. In the case samples, the highest concentration of AgNPs was observed in the small intestine (5.44 µg/g) followed by liver (4.32 µg/g), kidney (3.94 µg/g), heart (3.82 µg/g), and spleen (3.49 µg/g). The present study concludes that the administering 50 ppm AgNPs of average 15 nm size in the poultry drinking water was found safe for consumption as well as for growth enhancing, due to better bird comfort. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020.In the area of microbial production of valuable chemicals, plasmids have been widely applied for overexpressing rate-limiting enzymes with high yields. However, the effect of antibiotic concentrations on the transcription of target genes in E. coli is less involved in previous reports. In this study, we constructed E. coli strains expressing the reporter gene and the kanamycin resistant gene in an operon, and analyzed the transcription levels of the reporter gene and the fluorescent intensity of the recombinant E. coli under different kanamycin concentrations. We found that the growth and gene transcription of the recombinant strain were affected obviously by the concentration of kanamycin, indicating the importance of fine-tuning of antibiotic concentrations in microbial fermentation. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020.It has been reported that iron oxide nanoparticles have various biomedical applications, including cancer diagnosis and treatment. Iron oxide nanoparticles were known to exert cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and in this present study, we have investigated for their apoptosis-inducing potential in the same cell line. The flow cytometry analysis of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines treated with functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles showed an increased percentage of cells in terms of viable, early, and late apoptosis. The cell cycle analysis of the MCF-7 cell lines treated with Syzygium aromaticum extract coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) + iron oxide nanoparticles and PVP + iron oxide nanoparticles showed substantial accumulation of nanoparticles in the sub-G1 phase, confirming induction of apoptosis. The activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 increased with increasing concentration of the nanoparticles indicating that activities of caspase can be activated by iron nanoparticles. Further, functionalized nanoparticles induced oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Therefore, it is concluded that the functionalized iron nanoparticles induce apoptosis