Munn Holcomb (teethpush69)

05). After 10 years, discoloration patterns of the two materials differed significantly (Mann-Whitney-U-test, p = 0.017). Thus, despite the improvements associated with CoMCs, CeMCs remain the gold standard for veneered metal crowns.This article analyses the underrepresentation of racialised minorities across the three stages of the dental workforce pipeline through the critical lens of power. The reformist view of power was used, which focuses on concealment caused by systemic biases. We observed adequate representation of racialised minorities in the first two stages of the pipeline; entry to dental schools and completion of dental education. However, the categorisation of diverse groups into a single 'BAME' category conceals the underrepresentation of Black people and those who experience intersectional forms of discrimination rooted in race, gender and class. We observed all racialised minorities to be underrepresented in the third stage of the pipeline; career development and progression. The data suggest that institutional processes are more likely to recruit and promote White1 people, and racialised minorities are more likely to be exposed to bullying and inequitable disciplinary processes. Consistently across dental institutions, as the level of seniority increases, the representation of racialised minorities decreases. Thus, senior decision-making and agenda-setting spaces in UK dentistry are overwhelmingly White. Multiple actions are suggested; including collation of comprehensive, inclusive data, widening participation and representation initiatives to help re-distribute the power dynamics towards racialised minorities and ensure equality of representation across the dental pipeline, including in senior spaces. We hope this will work towards putting some of the systemic problems that we see in dentistry; such as differential staff and student experiences, inequitable recruitment, promotions and disciplinary proceedings, and colonial dental curricula and research on the institutional agenda.This paper comments on the Effects of Racism on Oral Health in the United States (US). It provides the background and sets the stage to raise questions about race how was race defined originally, what exactly is race, and how have racial categories been enumerated? Following this path, the paper broadens the scope of view regarding data attributable to racial categories pointing to social and cultural factors that influence overall health outcomes, particularly those related to oral health. Oral health researchers, advocates, providers, administrators, program planners, and funders, among others rely on data, often compiled by racial categories. We should be aware of potential vagaries that can accompany race-based data, and its interpretation and application, regarding oral health. The paper suggests we should be mindful of other influences that affect documented differences among populations regarding their oral health status. Pathological abnormalities first appear in the medial temporal regions including entorhinal cortex and parahippocampus in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies showed that olfactory decline in elderly subjects was associated with volume reductions in the left hippocampus and left parahippocampus without cognitive impairment. The aim of this study is to investigate the link between olfaction and volume reductions in the medial temporal regions including the parahippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampal subfields. 27 elderly subjects and 27 young controls were measured olfaction acuity, cognitive function, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Image processing and gray matter volumetric segmentation were performed with FreeSurfer. Volume data were analyzed with SPSS Statistics software. Interesting results of this study were that volume reduction in the entorhinal cortex was not directly linked with declining olfactory ability. Volume reduction in the