Eskesen Puggaard (streamsmell35)

DISCUSSION Standardized patient pathways involving alcohol screening and management practices are required, and sharing best practices will facilitate referrals and support regardless of location. The implementation of these recommendations requires appropriate leadership, commissioning and training strategies. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND To clarify the genetic background of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the Japanese population, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a population-specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. METHODS We performed a GWAS and replication study including 1676 UC patients and 2381 healthy controls. The probability of colectomy was compared between genotypes of rs117506082, the top hit SNP at HLA loci, by the Kaplan-Meier method. We studied serum expression of miR-622, a newly identified candidate gene, from 32 UC patients and 8 healthy controls by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Staurosporine RESULTS In the GWAS, only the HLA loci showed genome-wide significant associations with UC (rs117506082, P = 6.69E-28). Seven nominally significant regions included 2 known loci, IL23R (rs76418789, P = 6.29E-7) and IRF8 (rs16940202, P = 1.03E-6), and 5 novel loci MIR622 (rs9560575, P = 8.23E-7), 14q31 (rs117618617, P = 1.53E-6), KAT6B (rs12260609, P = 1.81E-6), PAX3-CCDC140-SGPP2 (rs7589797, P = 2.87E-6), and KCNA2 (rs118020656, P = 4.01E-6). Combined analysis revealed that IL23R p.G149R (rs76418789, P = 9.03E-11; odds ratio [OR], 0.51) had genome-wide significant association with UC. Patients with GG genotype of rs117506082 had a significantly lower probability of total colectomy than those with the GA+AA genotype (P = 1.72E-2). Serum expression of miR-622 in patients with inactive UC tended to be higher than in healthy controls and patients with active UC (inactive UC vs healthy controls, P = 3.03E-02; inactive UC vs active UC, P = 6.44E-02). CONCLUSIONS IL23R p.G149R is a susceptibility locus for UC in Japanese individuals. The GG genotype of rs117506082 at HLA loci may predict a better clinical course. © 2020 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.OBJECTIVES As we age, the functional field of view (FFOV) declines and these declines predict falls and motor vehicle accidents in older adults (Owsley, 2013). To increase understanding of possible causes of this decline, the current study explored whether the functional field of view in older adults is associated with the sensitivity of the magnocellular and parvocellular sub-cortical pathways. METHODS Forty four younger (M = 27.18, SD = 5.40 years) and 44 older (M = 72.18, SD = 5.82 years) adults completed a FFOV test and the steady and pulsed pedestal paradigms of Pokorny and Smith (1997) as measures of magnocellular and parvocellular pathways, respectively. RESULTS Older adults made more FFOV errors and had higher contrast discrimination thresholds in both the steady and pulsed pedestal paradigms, than younger adults. FFOV errors in the younger group were not related to contrast discrimination thresholds. In multiple regression, older group FFOV errors showed a strong unique association with contrast discrimination thresholds mediated via the magnocellular, but not the parvocellular pathway. DISCUSSION We infer that reduced magnocellular pathway contrast sensitivity may contribute to reduced functional vision in older adults. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (eBL) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) m