McMahon Byrd (sproutmeat60)

In 2017, the World Health Organisation (WHO) pre-qualified a single-dose typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) and identified TCV co-administration studies as a research priority. Accordingly, we tested co-administration of Typbar TCV® (Bharat Biotech International) with measles-rubella (MR) and yellow fever (YF) vaccines. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, and controlled, phase 2 trial in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Healthy children aged 9-11 months were randomized 11 to receive TCV (Group 1) or control vaccine (inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), Group 2). Vaccines were administered intramuscularly with routine MR and YF vaccines. Safety was assessed by (1) local and systemic reactions on days 0, 3, and 7; (2) unsolicited adverse events within 28 days; and (3) serious adverse events (SAEs) within six months after immunization. We enrolled, randomized, and vaccinated 100 eligible children (49 Group 1 and 51 Group 2). Safety outcomes occurred with similar frequency in both groups local/solicited reactions (Group 1 1/49, Group 2 3/50), systemic/solicited reactions (Group 1 4/49, Group 2 9/50), unsolicited adverse events (Group 1 26/49, Group 2 33/51), and SAEs (Group 1 2/49, Group 2 3/51). TCV conferred robust immunogenicity without interference with MR or YF vaccines. TCV can be safely co-administered with MR and YF vaccines to children at the 9-month vaccination visit. TCV can be safely co-administered with MR and YF vaccines to children at the 9-month vaccination visit. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread worldwide. Here, we evaluated the performance of two quantitative antigen (Ag) tests, the Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests, using automated platforms. We collected 637 nasopharyngeal swab samples from 274 individuals. Samples were subjected to quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), the Roche Ag test and Lumipulse Ag test. When RT-qPCR was used as a reference, the overall concordance rate of the Roche Ag test was 77.1% (491/637) with 70.0% (341/487) sensitivity and 100% specificity (150/150). When inconclusive results of the Lumipulse Ag test were excluded, the overall concordance rate of the Lumipulse Ag test was 88.3% (467/529) with 84.8% (330/389) sensitivity and 97.9% (137/140) specificity. The overall concordance rate between the Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests was 97.9% (518/529) with 96.7% (322/333) sensitivity and 100% (196/196) specificity. Quantitative Ag levels determined using the Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests were highly correlated (R = 0.922). The Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests showed high concordance up to nine days after symptom onset, with progressively lower concordance after that. The Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests showed equivalent assay performance and represent promising approaches for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019. The Roche and Lumipulse Ag tests showed equivalent assay performance and represent promising approaches for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019.Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral infection in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In the recent years, frequent dengue outbreaks are being reported in many parts of India. DENV circulates as four independent serotypes posing a major public health threat around the globe. Phylogenetic and full genome sequence analyses of 19 complete DENV genome sequences presenting all the four serotypes in Pune, India (2016-2017) revealed no change in the circulating genotypes i.e., genotype V clade C (D1), genotype IVB (D2), genotype III lineage III (D3) and genotype I clade D (D4). Additionally, unique amino acid substitutions that may potentially influence viral fitness and virulence in host cells were identified. Mapping of the unique amino acid substitutions onto the T cell epitopes of the reference strains revealed that 8/10 (D1), 14/15 (D2), 3/4 (D3) and 21/74 (D4), amino acids were involved in T-cell epit