Eaton Broberg (soiljuice98)

Fontan surgery streamlines the systemic venous return through the pulmonary circulation before filling the systemic ventricle in univentricular hearts. The venous congestion leads to effusions, lowers cardiac output, and affects organ perfusion. find more Fenestrations in the Fontan circuit improve forward flow through the ventricles, lower venous pressures, and reduce perioperative morbidity. When large fenestrations cause profound hypoxia and effort intolerance, there are no current techniques to reduce their size. Atrial flow regulators with a predetermined orifice were used off-label in three borderline patients with large undesirable fenestrations following extracardiac conduit Fontan surgeries. This resulted in improved oxygenation without marked elevation of venous pressures, while retaining the patency of the decompressive fenestration.Extraintestinal manifestations are common complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), whereas the recurrent pericarditis during remission of Crohn's disease is rarely reported. Chest pain developed in a 13-year-old adolescent male who had a history of Crohn's colitis since 9 years of age and was in remission for 4 years after treatment with infliximab, adalimumab, and vedolizumab. Physicians should be aware of the pericardial involvement in patients with a history of IBD. The literature on pericardial involvement in Crohn's disease is reviewed with emphasis on the management of recurrent pericardial effusion in the pediatric age group.Mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the aorta is a rare and lethal complication of pediatric congenital heart surgery. We report the lethal consequences of recurrent mycotic pseudoaneurysm in an 18-month-old baby, early after subaortic membrane resection. We managed to repair the pseudoaneurysm successfully by replacing the infected ascending aorta using bovine jugular vein graft, but unfortunately, the patient developed new pseudoaneurysm at the site of anastomosis which led to his death. Although prompt diagnosis and surgical management can save the patient life, uncontrolled infection can lead to the recurrence of the problem and lethal results.We herein report a case of a 6-year-old boy with hypertension and complete heart block with a unique outcome. The patient was treated with an epicardial pacemaker followed by complete and sustained resolution of his hypertension with no further need for the previously prescribed antihypertensive medication.Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic inflammatory condition primarily affecting young children. We present an adolescent male with two episodes of complete KD between the age of 2 and 14 years. At age 14, he presented with findings suggestive of a retropharyngeal abscess. This was later determined to be a recurrence of KD, diagnosed after the development of coronary artery aneurysms. Our case reinforces the role of maintaining a high index of suspicion for KD, both in patients with prior KD episodes and in those with persistent fever who do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for typical KD. This is particularly important for patients presenting with atypical symptoms not commonly associated with KD, such as inflammation of the retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal spaces.Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) (OMIM#142900) is a rare condition with upper extremity malformations as well as structural and conduction cardiac anomalies. There are sparse reports in the literature documenting malignancy in association with HOS. We report a pediatric patient clinically diagnosed with HOS (missing thumbs bilaterally, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and first-degree heart block), who also developed B precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. During induction of chemotherapy with steroids, she developed profound bradycardia without clinical symptoms. The bradycardia resolved without intervention, but this case highlights the challenges of managing chemotherapy side effects in a patient with congenital heart disease. A liter