Harris Chen (slopeharbor1)

The objective of the present study was to explore past and future primary health care use in preadolescents reporting frequent non-specific health complaints or a low self-rated health compared to that of preadolescents with no frequent health complaints or with good self-rated health. The study was conducted as a cohort study based within the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996-2002). Information on non-specific health complaints and self-rated health was obtained by an 11-year follow-up questionnaire. Information about number of general practitioner (GP) contacts was obtained from the Health Insurance Service Register. A total of 44,877 pre-adolescents gave complete exposure information. Pre-adolescents who reported frequent non-specific health complaints had a higher use of GP compared to pre-adolescents without complaints across the five years following the index date (somatic complaints IRR = (1.46 [1.38; 1.55], mental complaints IRR = 1.16 [1.12; 1.19], both complaints IRR = 1.58 [1.47; 1.69]). The same pattern was found for the association between low self-rated health and number of GP contacts (IRR = 1.41 (1.36; 1.46)). Non-specific health complaints and a poor self-rated health in pre-adolescents was associated with a higher past and future use of GP, indicating a need for development of early interventions with help for symptom management.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.Complex network theory (CNT) is gaining a lot of attention in the scientific community, due to its capability to model and interpret an impressive number of natural and anthropic phenomena. One of the most active CNT field concerns the evaluation of the centrality of vertices and edges in the network. Several metrics have been proposed, but all of them share a topological point of view, namely centrality descends from the local or global connectivity structure of the network. However, vertices can exhibit their own intrinsic relevance independent from topology; e.g., vertices representing strategic locations (e.g., hospitals, water and energy sources, etc.) or institutional roles (e.g., presidents, agencies, etc.). In these cases, the connectivity network structure and vertex intrinsic relevance mutually concur to define the centrality of vertices and edges. The purpose of this work is to embed the information about the intrinsic relevance of vertices into CNT tools to enhance the network analysis. We focus on the degree, closeness and betweenness metrics, being among the most used. Two examples, concerning a social (the historical Florence family's marriage network) and an infrastructure (a water supply system) network, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed relevance-embedding extension of the centrality metrics.Spherical radioactive caesium (Cs)-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) were emitted during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in March, 2011. The emission source (timing) and formation process of these particles remain unclear. In this study, the isotopic ratios of uranium (235U and 238U) and caesium (133Cs, 134Cs, 135Cs, and 137Cs) isotopes in the five spherical CsMPs (ca. 2 μm in size) sampled at 50 km west of the FDNPP were determined using secondary ion mass spectrometry and laser ablation-ICPMS, respectively. Results showed that the 235U/238U ratios of CsMPs were homogeneous (1.93 ± 0.03, N = 4) and close to those estimated for the fuel cores in units 2 and 3, and that the Cs isotopic ratios of CsMP were identical to those of units 2 and 3. These results indicated that U and Cs in the spherical CsMPs originated exclusively from the fuel melt in the reactors. Based on a thorough review of literatures related to the detailed atmospheric releases of radionuclides, the flow of plumes from the FDNPP reactor units during the accident and the U and Cs isotopic ratio results in this study, we hereby suggest that the spherical CsMPs originate only fr