Osborn Newell (sledpart9)

The most frequent MRP subcategory was 'indication not treated/missing therapy', accounting for 46% of clinically relevant MRPs. Dose selection issues were the next most common, accounting for 24%. The subcategory 'indication not treated/missing therapy' was identified more frequently at admission and discharge (53% and 45% of MRPs, respectively) compared with during the inpatient stay (14%), P  less then  0.001. CONCLUSIONS This research suggests patients are at greatest need of pharmacist input in terms of identification/resolution of clinically relevant MRPs during early stages of inpatient stay; however, clinically relevant MRPs continue to occur throughout their stay, suggesting need for ongoing pharmacy review. © 2020 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in cancer progression and is primarily regulated by several EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs), including TWIST1, TWIST2, SNAI1, SNAI2, ZEB1, and ZEB2. However, the prognostic value of EMT-TFs remains controversial in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Studies on the prognostic role of EMT-TFs in HNSCC were searched for in the Web of Science, Science Direct, Proquest, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was performed by using Revman 5.2 software. The pooled analysis showed that overexpression of EMT-TFs indicated a poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.67-2.23) of HNSCC. Subgroup analysis for individual EMT-TFs revealed that overexpression of TWIST1 (HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.29-2.02), SNAI1 (HR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.63-2.88), SNAI2 (HR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.38-2.62), and ZEB1 (HR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.61-4.53) were significantly associated with poor OS of HNSCC. These findings support the hypothesis that overexpression of EMT-TFs indicates a poor prognosis for HNSCC patients. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Classical electron microscopic morphological studies provide detailed ultrastructural information, which may lend insights into cellular functions. As a follow-up to our morphological investigation of the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) optic tectum, in this study, we have analyzed the ependymal structures lining the surfaces of the tectal ventricle the torus, tegmental surface of the valvula cerebelli and the periventricular gray zone of the optic tectal cortex. We used toluidine blue stained plastic (semithin) sections for light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Our morphological findings of gated entrances and/or egresses indicate that, at least in the adult zebrafish brain, there may be a bidirectional direct flow communication between the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid and the parenchymal interstitial fluid. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Radiation to the head and neck is a well-established risk factor for the development of carotid artery stenosis. Our objective was to identify the prevalence, incidence, and degree of carotid stenosis in patients with a history of head and neck irradiation. METHODS This study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A random effects model meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS Nineteen studies comprising 1479 patients were included. The prevalence of carotid stenosis >50%, >70%, and carotid occlusion was 25% (95% CI 19%-32%), 12% (95% CI 7%-17%), and 4% (95% CI 2%-8%), respectively. The cumulative 12-month incidence of carotid stenosis >50% was 4% (95% CI 2%-5%), the 24-month was 12% (95% CI 9%-15%), and the 36-month was 21% (95% CI 9%-36%). CONCLUSIONS The yearly incidence of carotid stenosis >50% increased every year during the first 3 years following radiotherapy. We propose routine yearly Doppler ultrasound screening beginning 1 year after head and neck radiotherapy. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Excessive or prolonged usage of dexamethasone can cause serious side effects, but few studies reveal the related mechanism. Dexamethasone work differently in blood tumors and solid tu