Hvidberg Sheppard (raylute21)

A behavioral economic approach to cannabis misuse emphasizes a crucial role of high drug demand (i.e., reinforcing value), which may be measured using a marijuana purchase task (MPT). The multiple indices from this measure have been associated with cannabis misuse, but somewhat inconsistently, possibly because of task variability across studies. Based on recent qualitative research, the current study implemented an optimized MPT to examine the underlying factor structure and the relationship between cannabis demand and both cannabis misuse and motivation to change. Participants were two independent samples of emerging adults who reported cannabis use and heavy episodic drinking in the last month, one Canadian (n = 396) and the other American (n = 275). find more Both were assessed using an MPT, the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT), the Marijuana Adverse Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ), and readiness to change items. Principal component analyses of the MPT indices revealed the same two-factor la suggest that links to motivation may be sample-specific. Previous research has linked social media involvement and alcohol use among college students. However, this literature has been limited by self-report measures of social media use, cross-sectional data, inadequate attention to potential moderators and mediators, and unclear implications for interventions. To improve and extend this work, students' (N = 297) daily time on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat during the transition into college were assessed objectively and examined as predictors of later drinking. Time spent on social media overall and on each individual platform between August and September were examined as predictors of alcohol consumption in March. Perceptions of peer drinking norms in October were examined as a potential mediator of these relationships, and sex as a potential moderator. Students spent the most daily time on Snapchat, followed by Instagram. The results indicated that among men, but not women, daily social media time during the transition into college predicted serelated risks among first-year men and underscore the need for additional research examining developmental factors and social media user experiences that may explain the sex-specific patterns of relationships observed. The purpose of this study was to better understand facilitators', parents', and teachers' experiences, attitudes, and perceived impact of the international alcohol prevention program "Effekt" and its delivery to help explain its ineffectiveness in Estonia. One focus group with program facilitators (n = 8, 7 women) and individual interviews with seventh grade teachers (n = 12, 11 women) and parents (n = 24, all women) were carried out. The semi-structured interview schedules sought to explore participants' attitudes toward the program, delivery process, impact, participation barriers, and facilitators and long-term implementation. Interviews were transcribed, and data analysis was guided by the thematic analysis method. Participants identified both positive and negative elements regarding program delivery that are broken down into three main themes perceived value of the program, perception of low participation rates, and long-term perspective. Perceived value of the program Participants perceived the prtributors to the ineffectiveness of the program. Taking these and other identified factors into account may help inform future prevention programs targeting parents. Mass gathering events often involve high levels of substance use, yet the psychological predictors of substance use in these contexts have received minimal attention. This study examined the relationship between social norms and mass gathering attendees' anticipated substance use. We (a) tested this relationship while controlling for established predictors of substance use, (b) assessed longitudi