Larson Ankersen (portvein1)

Epidemiologic data from 2,437 patients who tested positive for malaria from March 2016 to December 2018 and consented to provide samples for molecular sequencing are presented here. Of these, 936 (38.4%) patients reported self-treatment with any medication since the onset of their illness before diagnosis; overall, 69 (2.8%) patients reported taking an antimalarial. Ten patients (0.4%) reported travel away from their home for at least one night in the month before diagnosis. Establishing a molecular surveillance program for antimalarial drug resistance proved practical and feasible in a resource-limited setting and will provide the evidence needed to make informed treatment policy decisions at the national level.There is a lack of empirical, prospective human data on the gut microbiome and its relationship with growth, especially in low- and middle-income countries. We prospectively assessed the association between gut microbial diversity and short-term growth in a cohort of preschool children in Burkina Faso to better characterize whether there is any evidence that changes in gut microbial diversity may affect growth. Data were obtained from a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of antibiotic administration on gut microbial diversity in preschool children. We followed up the enrolled children for 35 days, with anthropometric measurements at baseline and day 35 and microbial diversity measured at baseline and day 9 (analytic sample, N = 155). We estimated linear mixed-effects regression models with household random intercepts to assess the association of Simpson's and Shannon's alpha diversity with measures of change in anthropometry (e.g., ponderal growth since baseline) and absolute anthropometric measurements (e.g., day 35 weight). We did not find evidence that alpha gut microbial diversity was associated with growth or absolute anthropometric measurements after adjusting for confounding variables. Effect estimates were close to the null (P ≥ 0.15 for all fully adjusted comparisons), with the association between Simpson's alpha diversity and day 35 height (cm) farthest from the null (coefficient = -0.03, 95% CI -0.07, 0.01). The change in gut microbial diversity also was not associated with the change in anthropometry in crude or adjusted models. Future research is needed to explore whether gut diversity has an impact on growth over a longer time period, in both healthy and malnourished children.There is no proven prognostic marker for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 14, 2020 to June 17, 2020, at São Paulo Hospital, in São Paulo, Brazil. SARS-CoV-2 viral load was assessed using the cycle threshold (Ct) values obtained from a reverse transcription-PCR assay applied to the nasopharyngeal swab samples. The reactions were performed following the CDC U.S. DN02 chemical protocol targeting the N1 and N2 sequences of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein gene and human ribonuclease P gene serving as an endogenous control. Disease severity and patient outcomes were compared. Among 875 patients, 50.1% (439/875) were categorized as having mild disease (nonhospitalized patients), 30.4% (266/875) moderate (hospitalized in the ward), and 19.5% (170/875) severe disease (admitted to the intensive care unit). A Ct value of less then 25 (472/875) indicated a high viral load, which was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR] 2.93; 95% CI 1.87-4.60; P less then 0.0001). We concluded that admission SARS-CoV-2 viral load was independently associated with mortality among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Many people who are homeless with severe mental illnesses are high users of healthcare services and social services, without reducing widen health inequalities in this vulnerable population. This study aimed to determine whether independent housing with mental health support teams with a recovery-oriented approach (H