Franklin Rollins (plowwash23)

Background Habituation deficit is considered as a neurophysiological abnormality among migraineurs in the interictal period. For clear comprehension and clarity about the mechanism underlying habituation in migraine, a sophisticated method, i.e., high frequency oscillations (HFOs) evoked potentials, have been utilized. However, studies pertaining to this in the Indian context are rare. Objective The aim of the study is to determine the utility of HFO of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in deciphering the pathophysiology of migraine. Materials and Methods Sixty subjects including 30 migraineurs in the interictal period and 30 healthy controls were considered for the study. Median nerve SSEP was recorded in patients and controls by standard protocols. HFO was extracted offline using the Digital zero-phase shift band-pass filtering at 450 and 750 Hz. The early and late HFOs were determined with respect to the N20 peak and were compared between the groups. Results Of total 30 migraineurs, 18 had hemicranial headache and 12 had holocranial headache. 2-APQC mouse N20 latency, P25 latency, N20 onset to peak amplitude, and N20 onset to P25 amplitude were comparable in migraineurs and controls. The intraburst frequency of early HFOs in migraineurs was significantly higher ( p = 0.04), whereas the peak-to-peak amplitude was significantly lower ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Early HFOs on SSEP represent the thalamocortical excitatory drive in migraineurs. Overall, the study reports that reduced amplitude of early HFOs in the interictal period suggest reduced thalamocortical drive in migraineurs. Search algorithms used to identify patients with alopecia areata (AA) need to be validated prior to use in large databases. The aim of the study is to assess whether patients with an International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) 9 or 10 code for AA have a true diagnosis of AA. A multicenter retrospective review was performed at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital to determine whether patients with an ICD 9 codes (704.01 - AA) or ICD 10 codes (L63.0 -Alopecia Totalis, L63.1 - Alopecia Universalis, L63.2 - Ophiasis, L63.8 - other AA, and L63.9 - AA, unspecified) for AA met diagnostic criteria for the disease. Of 880 charts, 97.5% had physical examination findings consistent with AA, and 90% had an unequivocal diagnosis. AA was diagnosed by a dermatologist in 87% of the charts. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the ICD 9 code 704.01 was 97% (248/255). The PPV for the ICD 10 codes were 64% (75/118) for L63.0, 86% (130/151) for L63.1, 50% (1/2) for L63.2, 91% (81/89) for L63.8, and 93% (247/265) for L63.9. Overall, 89% (782/880) of patients with an ICD code for AA were deemed to have a true diagnosis of AA. Patients whose medical records contain an AA-associated ICD code have a high probability of having the condition. Patients whose medical records contain an AA-associated ICD code have a high probability of having the condition. Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease with an incidence of 2% globally and plays a key role in the quality of life (QOL) of patients with AA. It has been recently shown that there are no sufficient disease-specific questionnaires to assess the QOL in patients with AA. This study tried to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of AA-Quality of Life Index (AA-QLI) and compare it with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. During 1 year, 100 individuals were enrolled in this study and asked to complete the DLQI questionnaire and AA-QLI questionnaire. First of all, we enrolled 25 individuals for evaluating the validity of the Persian version of the questionnaire, and after achieving the proper validity, 75 additional patients were enrolled in this project. Th