Hauge Celik (peanutlilac65)

During pregnancy, small quantities of maternal cells are naturally transmitted to the fetus. This transmission, termed maternal microchimerism (MMc), has been implicated in autoimmune diseases but its potential role is unclear. We aimed to investigate if MMc at birth predicted childhood celiac disease (CD) risk, a common immune-mediated enteropathy often presenting in childhood. We designed a case-control study, nested in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort. Participants were HLA class II typed to determine noninherited, nonshared maternal alleles (NIMA). Droplet digital (dd) PCR assays specific for common HLA class II NIMAs (HLA-DQB10301, 0402 and 0602/03) were used to estimate the quantity of maternal DNA, as a marker of maternal cells, in cord blood DNA from 124 children who later developed clinically diagnosed CD (median age at end of study 7.4 years, range 3.6-12.9) and 124 random controls. We tested whether presence of MMc was associated with CD using logistic regression, and compared ranks between cases and controls. MMc, for example, maternal HLA antigens not inherited by the child, was found in 42% of cases and 43% of controls, and not associated with CD (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-1.60). The ranks of MMc quantities in cases and controls were also similar (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.71). The subgroup with HLA-DQB103*01 as their NIMA had a potential association with MMc, where levels greater than median was associated with CD (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.28-11.18). MMc measured in cord blood was not associated with later risk of CD. MMc measured in cord blood was not associated with later risk of CD. Esophageal strictures are the common gastrointestinal complications in patients with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) requiring dilation. There is limited information on the best type of intervention, outcomes, and predictors for re-stenosis. We aimed to investigate the frequency, clinical presentation of esophageal strictures in EB patients, and to ascertain the predictors of re-stenosis. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter cohort study involving 7 specialized, international EB centers on patients who were 0 to 50 years of age. Descriptive statistics and hazard risks for re-stenosis were calculated. We identified 125 patients with 497 esophageal stricture episodes over a mean period of observation of 17 (standard deviation [SD] = 11.91) years. Dilations were attempted in 90.74% of episodes, using guided fluoroscopy 45.23%, retrograde endoscopy 33.04%, and antegrade endoscopy 19.07%. Successful dilation was accomplished in 99.33% of attempts. Patients experienced a median of 2 (interquartile range [IQR] 1-7) stricture episodes with a median interval between dilations of 7 (IQR 4-12) months. Predictors for re-stenosis included number of strictures (2 vs 1 stricture χ = 4.293, P = 0.038, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.294 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.014--1.652 and 3 vs 1 strictureχ = 7.986, P = 0.005, HR = 1.785 [95% CI 1.194, 2.667]) and a long (≥1 cm) segment stricture (χ = 4.599, P = 0.032, HR = 1.347 (95% CI 1.026--1.769). Complications were more common with the endoscopic approach (8/86, antegrade endoscopy; 2 /149, retrograde endoscopy vs 2/204, fluoroscopy; χ = 17.39, P-value <0.000). We found excellent dilation outcomes irrespective of the dilation procedure; however, with higher complications in the endoscopic approach. Long (>1 cm) segment involvement and multiple locations were predictive of stricture reoccurrence. 1 cm) segment involvement and multiple locations were predictive of stricture reoccurrence. Although the Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is increasingly being used, there are few studies assessing the psychometric properties of PROMIS in minimally invasive spine (MIS) surgery. Thus, the purpose of this study was to perform a psychomet