Esbensen Tyler (operacorn85)

Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that affects both gender across the age span and has significant social and psychological impact. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in school going children and assess the association of Incontinence Symptom Index-Pediatrics with age and gender. A cross-sectional study was carried among 305 children aged 11-16 years using convenient sampling in a school of Dhulikhel municipality. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis and spearman's correlation coefficient. Prevalence of stress, urge and nocturnal enuresis were 22.95%, 19.34% and 3.93% respectively. Gender was significant with stress (p>0.001) and urge (p>0.039) incontinence whereas age was significant with nocturnal enuresis. The episode of Urinary incontinence is common in school going children. It's important that children, parents, teachers and medical practitioners be aware of these phenomena. The episode of Urinary incontinence is common in school going children. It's important that children, parents, teachers and medical practitioners be aware of these phenomena. There is currently no clear consensus on the use of drains during an appendicectomy to prevent abscess formation. Our aim was to ascertain whether the use of drains in complicated appendicitis reduces post-operative complications and length of stay. We performed a retrospective review of patients with complicated appendicitis undergoing appendicectomy from March-November 2018. Complicated appendicectomy (perforated or gangrenous appendicitis) patients were divided into two groups; with drain Group 1 (G1) and no drain Group 2 (G2). Groups were compared for post-operative complications and length of stay. Out of a total 76 patients, 26 (34%) had drain (G1) and 50 (66%) had no drain (G2). The pre-operative CRP in G1 vs. G2 (124.8 vs. 48.3, p= 0.02); post-operative complication 9 (34.6%) vs. 6 (12%), p=0.019); intra-abdominal abscess 5 (19.2%) vs. 3 (6%), p=0.07 and LOS 5.5 days vs. Tipiracil price 3 days, p=0.0001 were significantly higher in patients with a drain. The use of an intra-operative drain in complicated appendicitis increases the risk of a post-operative complication and increases length of stay. The use of an intra-operative drain in complicated appendicitis increases the risk of a post-operative complication and increases length of stay. Mammography is an established screening tool for early detection of breast cancer, with several protocols used worldwide. Such screening programs and related data are lacking in less developed countries. We documented and analyzed the mammographic trends at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary care referral center, in Kathmandu, Nepal, to develop baseline data which may be helpful in further researches. In this descriptive study, imaging findings of consecutive patients who had undergone mammography between July 2016 and March 2018 were reviewed after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee. Ultrasonography and histopathological examination were done as needed. Demographics, presenting complaints, breast density, Breast Imaging, Reporting, Assessment and Data System category and final diagnosis were recorded and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. There were more diagnostic mammograms (62%) than screening with mastalgia the most common presenting complaint. Breast density was less in screening group. Overall, there were more benign lesions with incidence of breast cancer being 4.4% more in the diagnostic group. The age range varied from 22 to 86 years, with 15% (n=219) below 40 years age accounting for one-third of the cases of extremely dense breast and one-fourth of the suspicious lesions. Nearly 50% of breast cancers were seen in patients less than 50 years of age.