Stroud Bullock (neonspruce65)

9% to 72.3%. The remarkable improvement suggests that the interphase modification holds great promise for high-performance metal sulfide-based anode materials for sodium-ion batteries. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.In this work, rhombohedral KTi2 (PO4 )3 is introduced to investigate the related theoretical, structural, and electrochemical properties in K cells. The suggested KTi2 (PO4 )3 modified by electro-conducting carbon brings about a flat voltage profile at ≈1.6 V, providing a large capacity of 126 mAh (g-phosphate)-1 , corresponding to 98.5% of the theoretical capacity, with 89% capacity retention for 500 cycles. AS1517499 Structural analyses using electrochemical performance measurements, first-principles calculations, ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and operando X-ray diffraction provide new insights into the reaction mechanism controlling the (de)intercalation of potassium ions into the host KTi2 (PO4 )3 structure. It is observed that a biphasic redox process by Ti4+/3+ occurs upon discharge, whereas a single-phase reaction followed by a biphasic process occurs upon charge. Along with the structural refinement of the electrochemically reduced K3 Ti2 (PO4 )3 phase, these new findings provide insight into the reaction mechanism in Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-type KTi2 (PO4 )3 . The present approach can also be extended to the investigation of other NASICON-type materials for potassium-ion batteries. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.OBJECTIVE To determine if there is a difference in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) among 3 anatomic body positions (right lateral, left lateral, and sternal recumbence) in apparently healthy dogs. DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. ANIMALS Fourteen apparently healthy male dogs. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS After mild sedation with dexmedetomidine, a water manometer attached to a Foley urinary catheter was used to measure IAP in 3 different body positions in each dog. There was no significant difference in IAP between right lateral (3.87± 3.16 cm H2 O), left lateral (4.45 ± 3.22 cm H2 O), and sternal recumbence (4.04 ± 3.57 cm H2 O). CONCLUSIONS Based on data from these 14 apparently healthy dogs, these 3 body positions can be used interchangeably for monitoring an individual dog. However, more research in dogs is needed to see if this conclusion holds true when IAP is abnormal. © Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2020.The prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) has steadily increased in the United States over the last 30 years. Alcohol acts on multiple receptor systems including the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are known to mediate alcohol consumption and reward. We previously reported that the preclinical drug sazetidine-A, a nAChR agonist and desensitizer, reduces alcohol consumption without affecting nicotine consumption in C57BL/6J mice. Here, we found that sazetidine-A enhances the expression of alcohol aversion without affecting the expression or acquisition of conditioned alcohol reward in C57BL/6J mice. Microinjection of sazetidine-A into the ventral midbrain targeting the ventral tegmental area (VTA) reduced binge alcohol consumption, implicating this region in mediating the effects of sazetidine-A. Furthermore, the sazetidine-A-induced reduction in alcohol consumption was mediated by non-α4 containing nAChRs, as sazetidine-A reduced binge alcohol consumption in both α4 knock-out and wild-type mice. Finally, we found that in mice pretreated with sazetidine-A, alcohol induced Fos transcript in Th-, but not Gad2-expressing neurons in the VTA as measured by increased Fos transcript expression. In summary, we find that sazetidine-A enhances the expression of alcohol aversion, which may underlie the reduction in alcohol consumption induced by sazetidine-A. Elucidating the identity of non-α4 nAChRs in alcohol avers