Norman Adler (listyam5)

This study aimed to reveal the mortality risk by age in patients undergoing femoropopliteal endovascular therapy for intermittent claudication, in comparison to the national age-specific standard value. We analyzed 2056 patients undergoing endovascular therapy for moderate to severe intermittent claudication between 2010 and 2018, performed at five cardiovascular centers in Japan. 6-OHDA research buy The 3-year mortality risk by age was compared with the data from year- and sex-matched Japanese citizens, which were obtained from Japan's national life table data. Clinical characteristics associated with age in the study patients were also explored. The mean age was 73±9 years. The 3-year mortality risk was increased with age in the patient population, from 6.4% for patients aged ＜65 years to 21.2% for those aged ≥ 85 years. On the contrary, its risk ratio relative to the matched citizens of the same age was decreased with age; the relative risk ratio was 3.08 for patients aged ＜65 years (P=0.001) and 0.60 for those aged ≥ 85 years (P=0.016). Current smoking, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m , hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and dialysis dependence were inversely associated with age (all P＜0.05). Mortality risk increased with age, but the risk ratio relative to the matched citizens decreased with age. Younger patients had a higher mortality risk relative to the matched citizens, whereas patients aged ≥ 85 years had a lower mortality risk relative to the matched citizens. Younger patients were more likely to accumulate cardiovascular risk factors. Mortality risk increased with age, but the risk ratio relative to the matched citizens decreased with age. Younger patients had a higher mortality risk relative to the matched citizens, whereas patients aged ≥ 85 years had a lower mortality risk relative to the matched citizens. Younger patients were more likely to accumulate cardiovascular risk factors. To clarify the mechanism by which pitavastatin reduced cardiovascular (CV) events more effectively than atorvastatin in the TOHO Lipid Intervention Trial Using Pitavastatin (TOHO-LIP), the changes in (Δ) non-heparinized serum level of lipoprotein lipase mass (LPL mass) during administration of the respective statins were investigated. From TOHO-LIP data, 223 hypercholesterolemic patients with any CV risks followed at Toho University Sakura Medical Center were analyzed. The patients were randomized to pitavastatin (2 mg/day) group (n=107) or atorvastatin (10 mg/day) group (n=116), and followed for 240 weeks. In this subgroup study, the primary and secondary end points were the same as those in TOHO-LIP, and 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE) was added. The relationship between ΔLPL mass during the first year and the incidences of each end point was analyzed. The lipid-lowering effect was not different between the two statins. Cumulative 240-week incidence of each end point was significantly lower in pitavastatin group (primary 1.9% vs. 10.3%, secondary 4.7% vs. 18.1%, 3P-MACE 0.9% vs. 6.9%). Mean LPL mass (64.9 to 69.0 ng/mL) and eGFR (70.1 to 73.6 ml/min/1.73m ) increased in pitavastatin group, but not in atorvastatin group during the first year. Cox proportional-hazards model revealed that ΔLPL mass (1 ng/mL or 1SD) contributed to almost all end points. Pitavastatin administration reduced CV events more efficaciously than atorvastatin despite similar LDL cholesterol-lowering effect of the two statins. Increased LPL mass during the first year by pitavastatin treatment may be associated with this efficacy. Pitavastatin administration reduced CV events more efficaciously than atorvastatin despite similar LDL cholesterol-lowering effect of the two statins. Increased LPL mass during the first year by pitavastatin treatment may be associated with this efficacy. The associations between increased glycated albumin (GA) i