Josefsen Lykkegaard (kevinatm2)

Background A new species of Cilunculus was determined by the unique characteristic of the three distal processes present on the almost horizontal proboscis and the other differences, including a shorter and blind ocular tubercle, fewer setae on the legs and a glabrate trunk. New information New Cilunculus species from the South-western Indian Ocean. Jianjia Wang, Dingyong Huang, Wentao Niu, Feng Zhang.Fothergilla is a small genus of deciduous shrubs native to the southeastern United States that depending on circumscription comprises two to four species. Recent treatments recognized only two species in the genus F. gardenii (tetraploid) and F. major (hexaploid). Until recently, no diploid taxon of Fothergilla was known. However, recent investigations identified a number of diploid populations in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. A subsequent phylogenomic analysis showed that the diploids segregated into two, well-supported lineages, corresponding to largely allopatric populations. A re-examination of the morphology of diploid plants, in combination with the genetic evidence, has led us to the recognition of two species of diploids in the genus - a resurrected F. parvifolia and a new species (F. milleri W.D. Phillips & J.E. Haynes, sp. nov.) - bringing the total number of recognized species in Fothergilla to four. A revised taxonomic treatment of the genus is provided. Jake E. Haynes, Whitney D. Phillips, Alexander Krings, Nathan P. Lynch, Thomas G. Ranney.Spathacanthus is a Mesoamerican genus that occurs in tropical and temperate regions from southern Mexico to Costa Rica; its taxonomy has not been updated for two decades. In view of the fact that a new species has been discovered and that the interspecific affinities in this genus have not been addressed to date, the present study aims to revise the genus Spathacanthus. Specimens of plants of this genus collected from across the distribution range and deposited in herbaria and digital databases were reviewed. In parallel, a cladistic analysis was carried out, based on morphological characters in order to examine relationships between species. Four species of Spathacanthus were recognised one endemic to Costa Rica, another micro-endemic to Veracruz in Mexico, one more restricted to the forests of Mexico and Guatemala and the last one more widely distributed. Reflecting the previously limited knowledge of the group, many of the specimens that we studied had been misidentified. A key to differentiate these species is provided, supplemented with photographs, drawings and other illustrations, morphological descriptions, synonymy and ecological data. Results, presented here, extend the distribution range of some taxa and a distribution map is presented. The cladistic analysis recovered the genus as monophyletic, showing that S. hoffmannii and S. hahnianus are sister taxa and S. magdalenae was found to be more closely related to S. parviflorus. These plants are vulnerable to degradation and habitat loss. Mireya Burgos-Hernández, Gonzalo Castillo-Campos.Dischidia phuphanensis Chatan & Promprom, a new species from north-eastern Thailand, is described and illustrated. Epigenetics inhibitor The new species is similar to D. tonkinensis Costantin, but is distinguished by the shape of its leaves, the apices of the staminal corona lobes, the colour of the corolla and the absence of a corolline corona. The distinguishing characters of similar species are discussed. A key for the identification of those species in Thailand without pitcher-like leaves is provided. Wilawan Promprom, Wannachai Chatan.Onosma fuyunensis, a new species of Boraginaceae from northern Xinjiang, China, is described and illustrated here. Onosma fuyunensis is similar to O. simplicissima and O. gmelinii; it differs in having a particularly bristly indumentum, unbranched stems, white and yellow corollas, anthers united only at base, and nutlets with a stipitate cicatrix. An updated key to the specie