Buur Finnegan (hallfridge86)

Body dissatisfaction is a serious public health issue, however, low awareness of its seriousness, and stigma, may inhibit treatment seeking. Social marketing videos using narrative-entertainment or documentary-informational style approaches may enhance awareness but little research has evaluated their impact, particularly potentially harmful effects. The current study addressed this gap. Men (n = 226) and women (n = 229), were randomly allocated to view one of four videos; (1) Narrative, (2) Narrative plus persuasive appeal, (3) Informational, and (4) Informational plus persuasive appeal. ANA-12 Outcome variables were assessed before and after viewing. A time-by-video interaction indicated an increase in perception of the importance of body dissatisfaction as a public health problem following informational, but not narrative videos. Time by gender interactions showed that women, but not men, experienced increased body weight satisfaction and reduced intentions to engage in body-talk after video viewing. Time main effects revealed improvements in perceptions of the problematic nature of body dissatisfaction related behaviours, in shape and muscularity satisfaction, and reduced anxiety and intentions to use body-talk and appearance comparison. Findings suggest that social marketing can increase awareness of body dissatisfaction without inadvertently causing harm. Results from this study provide preliminary support for dissemination through social marketing. The innate immune system in mammals is the first-line defense that plays an important protective role against a wide spectrum of pathogens, especially during early life before the adaptive immune system develops. The enzymes xanthine oxidase (XO) and lactoperoxidase (LPO) are widely distributed in mammalian tissues and secretions, and have a variety of biological functions including in innate immunity, provoking much interest for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The enzymes are characterized by their generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, including hydrogen peroxide, hypothiocyanite, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite. XO is a major generator of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide that subsequently trigger a cascade of oxidative radical pathways, including those produced by LPO, which have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects against pathogens including opportunistic bacteria. In addition to their role in host microbial defense, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play important physiological roles as second messenger cell signaling molecules, including cellular proliferation, differentiation and gene expression. There are several indications that the reactive species generated by peroxide have positive effects on human health, particularly in neonates; however, some important in vivo aspects of this system remain obscure. The primary dependence of the system on hydrogen peroxide has led us to propose it is particularly relevant to neonate mammals during milk feeding. V.Mitochondria are endosymbiotic organelles responsible for energy production in most eukaryotic cells. They host a genome and a fully functional gene expression machinery. In plants this machinery involves hundreds of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. Translation, the final step of mitochondrial gene expression is performed by mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The nature of these molecular machines remained elusive for a very long time. Because of their bacterial origin, it was expected that mitoribosomes would closely resemble bacterial ribosomes. However, recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have revealed the extraordinary diversity of mitoribosome structure and composition. The plant mitoribosome was characterized for Arabidopsis. In plants, in contrast to other species such as mammals and kinetoplastids where rRNA has been largely reduced, the mitoribosome could be described as a protein/RNA-augmented bacterial ribosome. It has an oversized small subunit formed by