Drake Just (gradetailor9)
In most cases an ectopic ureter is associated with a duplicated renal collecting system while in only a few single systems is found. Bilateral single system ureteral ectopia is even rarer. A 9-year-old girl presented with urinary incontinence. Investigations pointed towards bilateral single system ectopic ureters with ectopic openings into vagina with a hypoplastic bladder. The left ureteric system was tortuous with malrotated and hypoplastic left kidney. A 4 × 2 cm hard calculus was found in the vagina. Right Ureteric reimplantation with left to right uretero-ureterostomy was done with satisfactory postoperative day time continence at 6 months without the need for bladder reconstruction or urinary diversion. To describe perspectives and experiences related to urology care-seeking of transgender and non-binary (TGNB) individuals assigned male at birth. This HIPAA-compliant study was IRB approved and followed Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) guidelines. Through semistructured interviews, perspectives, and experiences of individuals related to urology care-seeking were explored. Open-ended questions were designed to elicit a range of responses rather than quantifiable data. Thematic codes were developed and explicitly defined. Codes pertaining to patient experiences were assessed and described. Twenty-five TGNB individuals assigned male at birth were interviewed. Participants reported an array of factors that informed and inhibited care-seeking, factors that framed individual urologic care experiences, and their overall impression of the healthcare system's ability to effectively and respectfully serve the TGNB population. Specifically, participants reported that prior negative hspectives and historical experiences of these individuals who may seek urological care. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been utilized to create patient-specific (PS) replicas as visual aids for surgical planning. However, they cannot recreate the operative experience due to a lack of realistic tissue characteristics. Develop anatomically accurate, realistic, PS partial nephrectomy platforms suitable for pre-operative surgical rehearsals using 3D-printing and hydrogel casting. Patient CT scans were segmented into a computer-aided design (CAD) file and used to create injection casts. Anacardic Acid Kidney and tumor casts along with hollow vascular and urinary structures were 3D-printed. The hilar structures and tumor were registered into the kidney cast, injected with poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and processed to create the kidney phantom. Mechanical and functional testing protocols were completed to confirm that the properties of PVA matched the live tissue. Anatomical accuracy was confirmed by CT scanning the phantom and creating another CAD, which was compared to the original papleting a pre-operative rehearsal vs standard surgical preparation. This reproducible method shows high anatomical accuracy, realistic tissue properties, and translational effects between rehearsals and live surgery. To determine the effects on patient outcomes, future studies will compare the impact of completing a pre-operative rehearsal vs standard surgical preparation.There is growing evidence suggesting cannabinoids may provide suitable alternatives to conventional treatments in an increasing number of clinical settings. This review evaluates how cannabinoids are used to treat certain benign urological pathologies and to clarify the clinical value of this data. This review includes 62 papers and was undertaken per PRISMA's guidelines, it evidences the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in the management of specific benign urological diseases, most notably neurogenic bladder dysfunction (clinical studies), renal disease (animal studies), and interstitial cystitis (animal studies). However, whilst cannabinoids are increasingly used, they canno
