Holdt Zimmerman (gameeffect4)

Clinical data on primary hypophysitis are still scarce. Especially non-surgical cases are underreported. We sought to analyse clinical characteristics of primary hypophysitis, particularly in clinically diagnosed patients. Retrospective single centre study in 60 patients with primary hypophysitis. Symptoms, MRI, histopathological findings, treatment and outcomes were analysed in 12 histopathologically and 48 clinically diagnosed patients. Diagnostic criteria for clinical diagnosis were a) MRI findings compatible with primary hypophysitis; b) course of disease excluding other differential diagnoses. Mean duration of follow-up was 69 months. Female sex was predominant (73%). Fatigue (52%), headache (38%) and diabetes insipidus (38%) were the most frequent symptoms. 42% had a concomitant autoimmune disease. The corticotropic, thyrotropic, gonadotropic, somatotropic axis was impaired in 67%, 57%, 52%, 20%, respectively. Men had a higher number of impaired hormone axes (p=0.022) with the gonadotropic axis being affected more frequently in men (p=0.001). Infundibular thickening (56%) and space occupying lesions (46%) were typical MRI findings. Pituitary size was frequently enlarged at presentation (37%) but diminished during observation (p=0.029). Histopathologically and clinically diagnosed cases did not differ. The cohort of clinically diagnosed patients did not differ from our histopathologically diagnosed patients or from published cohorts with predominantly surgical patients. Thus, diagnosis of primary hypophysitis using clinical criteria seems feasible. The cohort of clinically diagnosed patients did not differ from our histopathologically diagnosed patients or from published cohorts with predominantly surgical patients. Thus, diagnosis of primary hypophysitis using clinical criteria seems feasible.Dear Editors,Hypocalcemia is not unusual in patients hospitalized for critical illness and has also been described after general surgery in addition to head and neck surgical procedures 1 2 3. Hypocalcemic events commonly occur in the setting of massive blood transfusion, albumin deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, and/or hypomagnesemia. CC220 manufacturer In the absence of these factors, only slight decreases in calcium levels within the normal range have been reported during surgical procedures 1. Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) causing asymptomatic hypocalcemia has only been reported in two previous studies 4 5. The etiology is unclear. We here report a patient who developed severe symptomatic hypocalcemia likely as a result of a profound inflammatory reaction with transient hypoparathyroidism after HIPEC.Social media messages and conversations provide an opportunity to study what users post about cancer risk and preventive behaviors. Personal stories of early detection, treatment, and survivorship are often shared. The purpose of this study was to examine the hereditary breast cancer-focused posts on the understudied visual social media platform Pinterest. Using systematic random sampling, n = 500 Pinterest posts (referred to as "pins") were collected using the keywords "breast cancer" and "genetic testing" in the late 2017. Using a quantitative content analysis, pins were coded for a variety of categories including poster identity, pin characteristics and content, the presence of Health Belief Model constructs, and engagement variables (i.e., repins/saves and comments). The primary findings of this study reveal that most pins were published by individuals and relatively few messages contained specific information about genetic testing. Study results also describe how Pinterest users interact with the content, including higher engagement with information-rich visuals and traditional breast cancer awareness symbols. The information gained from this study may serve as the foundation for better understanding how social media can be u