Hogan Kelly (furwater9)

Human schistosomiasis is a debilitating, life-threatening disease affecting more than 229 million people in as many as 78 countries. There is only one drug of choice effective against all three major species of Schistosoma, praziquantel (PZQ). However, as with many monotherapies, evidence for resistance is emerging in the field and can be selected for in the laboratory. Previously used therapies include oxamniquine (OXA), but shortcomings such as drug resistance and affordability resulted in discontinuation. Employing a genetic, biochemical and molecular approach, a sulfotransferase (SULT-OR) was identified as responsible for OXA drug resistance. By crystallizing SmSULT- OR with OXA, the mode of action of OXA was determined. This information allowed a rational approach to novel drug design. Our team approach with schistosome biologists, medicinal chemists, structural biologists and geneticists has enabled us to develop and test novel drug derivatives of OXA to treat this disease. Using an iterative process for drug development, we have successfully identified derivatives that are effective against all three species of the parasite. One derivative CIDD-0149830 kills 100% of all three human schistosome species within 5 days. see more The goal is to generate a second therapeutic with a different mode of action that can be used in conjunction with praziquantel to overcome the ever-growing threat of resistance and improve efficacy. The ability and need to design, screen, and develop future, affordable therapeutics to treat human schistosomiasis is critical for successful control program outcomes.A versatile gamma ionization chamber (VGIC) has been designed, developed and characterized, in order to study experimentally its characteristics according to the geometry of the electrodes, the volume and pressure of the filler gas for the design of a gamma sealed chamber. The tests were conducted under the IEC (International Electro-technical Commission). The results obtained in various nuclear tests of the characterization and calibration of the ionization chamber gamma VGIC developed at our laboratory were presented in this paper. Three irradiators were operated, irradiator intensive gamma (60Co 1.25 MeV), medium intensive gamma (137Cs 0.662 MeV) and low-intensity gamma (60Co). Saturation curves and linearity were identified and the operating range and the sensitivity of the chamber have been deducted. The current, voltage (I,V) characteristics of the chamber filled, with argon gas at 0.4 M pa pressure, for gamma ray irradiator sources were studied, the chamber was irradiated with gamma rays using different gamma sources. The plateau region is reached above 200 V and the detector operating voltage is found to be 600V. It is observed that in the plateau region the slope is constant with an increase in the exposure rate. The (1/I, 1/V) and (I, l/V2) characteristic curves reveal the presence of the initial and volume recombination losses. The volume recombination losses are found to be smaller than the initial recombination losses.We herein report two autopsy cases with gastric injury associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Case 1 was a 36-year-old woman who was found in cardiopulmonary arrest possibly caused by a fall from a height of 8 m. She received continuous manual chest compression with artificial ventilation while being transferred to the hospital. Autopsy revealed bruises on her left upper arm with a fracture to the left humerus and advanced pneumohemothorax that was associated with laceration of the left lung due to fracture of the dorsal left costa. Furthermore, complete rupture of the gastric wall (25 cm) was found without hemorrhage. Case 2 was an 85-year-old man found unconscious on the road. He had a history of oral anticoagulant administration, cognitive impairment, and gait disorder. He also received cardiac massage and manual artificial ventilation during CPR. Autopsy revealed severe head injury, possibly