Dillon Frantzen (flatblack8)

To identify a novel, quantitative bulbar measure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on jaw muscle coherence. The myoelectric activities of masseter, anterior temporalis, and anterior belly of digastric were recorded bilaterally during a speech task in 12 individuals with ALS and 10 neurologically healthy controls, using surface electromyography. Coherence and directed coherence were calculated for all muscle pairs. The muscle pairs showing significant coherence and directed coherence in the beta-band (15-35 Hz) were identified and their mean beta-band coherence were (1) correlated with the kinematic (i.e. jaw acceleration time) and functional speech (i.e. speaking rate) measures that have been previously identified to be affected by bulbar ALS, across all participants, and (2) evaluated in terms of their efficacy in differentiating individuals with ALS from healthy controls. Beta-band coherence was in general reduced in ALS relative to healthy controls, with the antagonistic and homologous mnsitivity (i.e. 0.92) and specificity (i.e. 0.90). Conclusions Reduced beta-band coherence between masseter and digastric in ALS reflects weakened neural linkage between these muscles resulting from the disrupted cortical drive to the bulbar musculature. These findings provide preliminary evidence for jaw muscle coherence as a novel, quantitative measure of corticobulbar involvement, designed to improve bulbar assessment in ALS. Resident physicians experience high degrees of burnout. Medical educators are tasked with implementing burnout interventions, however they possess an incomplete understanding of residents' lived experiences with this phenomenon. Attempts to understand burnout using quantitative methods may insufficiently capture the complexities of resident burnout and limit our ability to implement meaningful specialty-specific interventions. Qualitative studies examining how residents conceptualize burnout have been briefly examined in other specialties, however the specific stressors that characterize emergency medicine training may lead residents to experience burnout differently. This study used qualitative methodology to explore emergency medicine trainees' perceptions of the complex phenomenon of burnout during their residency training years. In order to evaluate a novel wellness intervention at their emergency medicine residency program, the authors conducted four semi-structured focus groups with residents and rof patient suffering in the clinical environment, and a fatalistic view toward burnout during their training. They experienced a pervasive negativity, emotional fragility, and neglect of self that bled into their social environments. Clinically, burnout contributed to the erosion of the therapeutic physician-patient relationship. Residents perceived burnout as an inevitable and necessary element of their residency training years. Insights Residents' lived experiences with burnout include nonclinical manifestations that challenge existing frameworks suggesting that burnout is restricted to the work domain. Crenolanib price Burnout interventions in emergency medicine training programs may be more effective if educators inculcate habitual practices of self-monitoring in trainees and explicitly set resident expectations of patient acuity in the clinical environment.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https//doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2021.1875833. NCT03631485. NCT03631485.Sexual and violent media content is prevalent, and adolescents exposed to this content may be more likely to enact risky sexual and aggressive behaviors. According to the Differential Susceptibility Model, dispositional traits, such as empathy, can predict risky media exposure and moderate the relationship between exposure and behavior. A total of 2,424 US adolescents (ages 14-17) participated in an online study that measured exposure to sex, violence, and their co-occurrence from t