Lamb Wang (feetguide09)

The purpose of this review is to critically discuss the use of ultrasound in the evaluation of muscle disorders with a particular focus on the emerging use in inflammatory myopathies. In myopathies, pathologic muscle shows an increase in echogenicity. Muscle echogenicity can be assessed visually, semi-quantitatively, or quantitatively using grayscale analysis. The involvement of specific muscle groups and the pattern of increase in echogenicity can further point to specific diseases. In pediatric neuromuscular disorders, the value of muscle ultrasound for screening and diagnosis is well-established. It has also been found to be a responsive measure of disease change in muscular dystrophies. In chronic forms of myositis like inclusion body myositis, ultrasound is very suitable for detecting markedly increased echogenicity and atrophy in affected muscles. Acute cases of muscle edema show only a mild increase in echogenicity, which can also reverse with successful treatment. Muscle ultrasound is an important increase in echogenicity, which can also reverse with successful treatment. Muscle ultrasound is an important imaging modality that is highly adaptable to study various muscle conditions. Although its diagnostic value for neuromuscular disorders is high, the evidence in myositis has only begun to accrue in earnest. Further systematic studies are needed, especially in its role for detecting muscle edema. While complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is prevalent in the general population and is known to be used in systemic rheumatic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, its use in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is less well-studied. The purpose of this review was to identify published data describing the use of CAM in patients with PsA. PsA patients report frequent use of CAM. Diet is believed to affect disease activity, and dietary approaches are used by patients to mitigate symptoms. Dietary supplements have been studied, especially fatty acids, with some positive results. Herbal remedies show promise, but more and better studies are needed, including evaluating medical cannabis. Studies of some the most commonly used CAM, such as acupuncture and massage, are conspicuously absent. CAM use is common among patients with PsA. There is, however, a significant knowledge gap, and there is a critical need for rigorous research to ensure safe and effective use of CAM for these patients. PsA patients report frequent use of CAM. Diet is believed to affect disease activity, and dietary approaches are used by patients to mitigate symptoms. Dietary supplements have been studied, especially fatty acids, with some positive results. Herbal remedies show promise, but more and better studies are needed, including evaluating medical cannabis. Studies of some the most commonly used CAM, such as acupuncture and massage, are conspicuously absent. CAM use is common among patients with PsA. There is, however, a significant knowledge gap, and there is a critical need for rigorous research to ensure safe and effective use of CAM for these patients. To analyse relationships of social stratification on physical activity (PA) prevalence and barriers in the European population. Data were retrieved from Eurobarometer 88.4, a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2017 with 28,031 over 15-year-old inhabitants of the European Union. PA prevalence was calculated along with the probability to be physically inactive by social stratification. Logistic regressions were run in the inactive population to show the social class effect on each barrier adjusted by sociodemographic factors employing a propensity score matched method. Low social class presented higher inactivity prevalence (43.11%), whilst the high social class reported the lowest prevalence (23.30%). Also, the low (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.47-0.58) and middle (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.64-0.79) social classes were les