Ottosen Hurst (fatmeal18)

Due to development of bacterial resistance to the conventional antibiotics, the treatment of bacterial infections has become a major issue of concern. The unprescribed and uncontrolled use of antibiotics has lead to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial strains. Therefore, the development of novel and potent bactericidal agents is of great clinical importance. Interestingly, metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven to be promising alternative to antibiotics. NPs interact with the important cellular organelles and biomolecules like DNA, enzymes, ribosomes, and lysosomes that can affect cell membrane permeability, oxidative stress, gene expression, protein activation, and enzyme activation. Since, NPs target multiple biomolecules concurrently; it becomes very difficult for bacteria to develop resistance against them. Currently, there are different physical and chemical methods utilized for NPs synthesis. However, most of these processes are costly and potentially hazardous for the living organisms and environment. Therefore, there is a need to develop an eco-friendly and cost-effective method of synthesis. Recently, the 'green synthesis' approaches are gaining a lot of attention. It is demonstrated that living organisms like bacteria, yeast, fungi, and plant cells can reduce inorganic metal ions into metal NPs by their cellular metabolites. Both the yield and stability of biogenic NPs are quite satisfactory. In the current article, we have addressed the green synthesis of various metal NPs reported till date and highlighted their different modes and mechanisms of antibacterial properties. It is highly anticipated that biogenic metallic NPs could be viable and economical alternatives for treating drug resistant bacterial infections in near future. © 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.After depleted uranium (DU) is deposited in the environment, it corrodes producing mobile uranium species. The upward transport mechanism in a desert landscape is associated with the dissolution/precipitation of uranium minerals that vary in composition and solubility in soil pore water. The objective of this study is to develop the laboratory column simulation to investigate the upward transport mechanism with cyclic capillary wetting and drying moisture regimes. Results showed that evaporation driven upward transport occurred even during the first 2 months of wetting-drying regimes. Evaporation driven upward transport may control the U movement in the soil profile in an arid climate. The new system did not generate any uranium-containing wastewater. •Simulates the upward transport process of pollutants with different pollution levels and species.•Simultaneously simulate the transport process of multiple pollutants simultaneously.•Evaluate the influence of biogeochemical factors on pollutant transport such as various cations and anions (Ca, Mg and carbonates) in water. © 2019 The Authors.Background Severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), defined as a serum bile acid (SBA) level > 100 μmol/l, remains poorly understood in its mechanism and implications. Case A patient with a missed diagnosis of mild ICP went on to develop clinical jaundice and liver function abnormalities in the setting of newly diagnosed hepatitis C and severe ICP on repeat SBA testing. Conclusion This case highlights and adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the need for universal screening for hepatitis C in ICP patients and the potential role for repeat SBA testing, which would be a notable change from the traditional care of these individuals. © 2020 The Authors.Background We present a rare case of a dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy in a noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn diagnosed prior to rupture at 12 weeks of gestation. Case A 33-year-old woman with history of two prior spontaneous abortions presented with a spontaneously conceived dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy. selleck compound Routin