Shah Kock (dustbaby95)

Meat-refusers (vegetarians and vegans) are typically derogated by meat eaters because they threaten meat eaters' moral self-image. In two preregistered experiments (N = 323 and N = 243), we examined the effects of communication style on this 'do-gooder' derogation. For this purpose, we developed a paradigm to create moral threat in participants in an online study. Afterwards, participants read an essay of a meat-refuser that was either static, confident, and result-oriented; or dynamic, uncertain, and process-oriented. Dynamically communicating meat-refusers were found to elicit less moral threat and be evaluated as less arrogant than static targets. Regardless of communication, meat refusers with non-moral motives were also evaluated as less threatening and arrogant than ethical vegetarians and vegans. We propose that dynamic communication can improve relations between meat eaters and meat-refusers and, thereby, may eventually inspire meat eaters to decrease their meat consumption in the future.Inhibitory control training has recently been used as an intervention to aid healthy eating and encourage weight loss. The aim of this pre-registered study was to explore the effects of training on food liking, food consumption and weight loss in a large (n = 366), predominantly healthy-weight sample. Participants received four training sessions within a week, in which they had to inhibit their responses to either energy-dense foods (active group) or non-food images (control group). Subjective food ratings, food consumption frequency and weight were measured pre- and post-training. At two-weeks post-training, the active group reported a greater reduction in liking for energy-dense foods, compared to the control group. Active participants also reported a significantly greater increase in healthy food liking, immediately post-training, relative to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for the change in consumption of trained foods or for weight loss. These findings are partially consistent with previous research conducted in smaller, more overweight samples. Exploratory analyses suggest that some effects of training may be driven by awareness effects. Methodological differences across findings and avenues for future investigation are discussed. To determine the effect of diurnal exercise timing on appetite, energy intake and body composition in individuals with overweight or obesity. Forty sedentary, individuals with overweight or obesity (17 males, 23 females; age 51±13 years; BMI 30.9±4.2kg/m ) were randomly allocated to complete a 12-week supervised multi-modal exercise training program performed either in the morning (amEX) or evening (pmEX). Outcome measures included appetite in response to a standardised test meal, daily energy intake (EI), body weight and body composition. DS-3032b solubility dmso Measures of dietary behaviour were assessed at baseline and post-intervention, along with habitual physical activity, sleep quality and sleep quantity. Significance was set at p≤.05 and Hedge's g effect sizes were calculated. Regardless of timing, exercise training increased perceived fullness (AUC; g=0.82-1.67; both p<.01), decreased daily EI (g=0.73-0.93; both p<.01) and body-fat (g=0.29-0.32; both p <. 01). The timing of exercise did not change the daily g on appetite and body composition appear trivial compared to the overall benefits of exercise participation.Some Diffusion Tensor Imaging studies have shown a loss of white matter (WM) integrity linked to impaired cognitive function in obese individuals. However, inconsistent WM integrity changes have been reported. We aimed to identify which WM tracts show consistent changes with obesity. We conducted a systematic search to find studies examining the association between obesity-related measures and Fractional Anisotropy (FA) or Mean Diffusivity. We performed a meta-analysis with FA dataset