Horner Joseph (donaldrise9)

5 mV dec-1) can also be achieved.Highly curved toroidal micelles with diameters as small as 100 nm have been successfully constructed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers. These structures may have potential applications in gene or drug delivery. Experimental observations suggest that toroidal micelles likely originate from spherical or disc-like micelles which are tricked into forming toroidal micelles upon external stimuli ('smart' materials). Since self-assembly of polymeric and lipid surfactants is guided by the same physical principles, we hypothesize that 'smart' lipid surfactants can be equivalently tricked into forming highly curved toroidal micelles that are tenfold smaller (≃10 nm diameter). Paradoxically, these 'nano rings' have never been observed. Using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in conjunction with a state-of-the-art free energy calculation method (a string method), we illustrate how a thermo-responsive lipid surfactant is able to form toroidal micelles. These micelles originate from disc-liknevertheless remains conserved even at different length scales.A novel in-situ N-doped carbon nanoparticles (NCNs) was prepared through direct pyrolysis of N-rich polyaniline (PANI) without using external N-containing precursor and the as-prepared materials were employed as metal-free peroxydisulfate (PDS) activator for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation. The catalyst derived from PANI carbonization at 900 °C (NCNs-9) displayed the excellent catalytic activity to activate PDS, resulting in 96.0% BPA degradation efficiency within 20 min. The catalytic activity of NCNs was closely related to their structure-composition, and higher graphitic N content and larger BET surface area were beneficial to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). see more The quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) demonstrated that BPA degradation in PDS/NCNs system was accomplished via non-radical (1O2) and radical ( ·OH, SO4·-, and O2·-) pathways, in which O2·- was the main ROS. The origin of O2·- was the conversion of dissolved oxygen and the activation of PDS. The possible degradation pathways of BPA were also proposed. This study might provide inspirations to design in-situ N-doped carbon nanoparticles as the PDS activator for efficient degradation of persistent organic compound via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The study explores the association between pain and functional impairment in patients with partially remitted MDD, considering both clinician and patient reported outcomes. Multicenter, observational, and cross-sectional study, with 583 outpatients with partially remitted MDD. Measures of pain intensity (VAS), functional impairment (SOFAS), depressive symptomatology (HAM-D6), and remission from MDD and functional status from a patient-centered perspective (RDQ) were collected. VAS scores (cut-off 30) were used to divide the sample in two groups no pain (n=274) and pain (n=309). Descriptive data, correlation and regression analyses were obtained. Functional impairment (SOFAS) and pain (VAS) were negatively and significantly correlated in the total sample, and in the group with pain. Lower pain predicted higher functioning. The pain sub-sample was older, less educated, with higher medical comorbidities, higher HAM-D6 scores, and lower functionality (SOFAS). In the RDQ, the pain group showed significantly higher scores in the symptom-related subscales, and lower scores in the subscales related to positive mental health, functioning and wellbeing. Correlational and observational design. The criteria and instruments used to measure pain and to define a threshold might limit the generalizability of findings. Pain and functionality should be assessed and treated in patients with MDD in partial remission. Our results indicate that functionality should be assessed with a broader perspective, that also considers positive mental he