Ryan Burnett (cowbaker8)

The VFA obtained with the inoculum peanut meal ratio of 0.15 g g-1 was mainly acetic acid, with peak concentration of 10,797.09 mg L-1, which was 1.82 times higher than that obtained with only the peanut meal fermentation. Response surface methodology predicted that the inoculation ratio was 0.15 g g-1, and the effect of producing VFAs was the best when the fermentation time was 8.63d. The results showed that S. cerevisiae inoculation may improve VFA production and increase the proportion of even acids.The current study aimed to study the effects of Bulleyaconitine A (BLA) on asthma. Asthmatic mice model was established by ovalbumin (OVA) stimulation, and the model mice were treated by BLA. After BLA treatment, the changes in lung and airway resistances, total and differential leukocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected, and the changes in lung inflammation and airway remodeling were observed. Moreover, the secretion of IgE, Th1/Th2-type and IL-17A cytokines in BALF and serum of the asthmatic mice were determined. The resuts showed that BLA attenuated OVA-induced lung and airway resistances, inhibited the inflammatory cell recruitment in BALF and the inflammation and airway remodeling of the asthmatic mice. In addition, BLA suppressed the secretion of IgE, Th2-type cytokines, and IL-17A, but enhanced secretions of Th1-type cytokines in BALF and serum. The current study discovered that BLA inhibited the lung inflammation and airway remodeling via restoring the Th1/Th2 balance in asthmatic mice.In this study we aimed to identify factors that condition (i.e. buffer or exacerbate) the impact of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on postpartum emotional distress among South African women. Hypothesised buffering factors included socioeconomic status, family social support, and religiosity. Hypothesised exacerbating factors included baseline distress, HIV status, and childhood abuse. Longitudinal analyses examined interactions between putative buffering and exacerbating factors and exposure to physical or sexual IPV, assessed during pregnancy (T1), as predictors of emotional distress, measured at 14 weeks (T2) and 9 months postpartum (T3). Consistent with hypotheses, at both T2 and T3 the impact of IPV exposure on emotional distress was significantly stronger among women who reported greater baseline distress and weaker among women of greater socioeconomic status. At T3, an interaction emerged with HIV status; the impact of IPV exposure on emotional distress was stronger for women who were diagnosed as HIV-positive during pregnancy. Findings support the need for targeted mental health promotion interventions for IPV-exposed women who are newly diagnosed with HIV and/or report high levels of emotional distress during pregnancy. Although more research is needed, findings also suggest that strengthening socioeconomic supports for IPV-exposed women may buffer impacts on postpartum mental health.Maternal mortality due to unsafe abortion and its complications stands among the three leading causes of maternal death in Botswana. Health care providers (HCPs) including doctors and nurses are at the frontline of providing care to women who have had an unsafe abortion. This qualitative study explored the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of HCPs towards unsafe abortion in Botswana. We purposively sampled 18 HCPs and used a semi-structured topic guide to engage them in in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded. These interviews were transcribed and analysed to identify emerging themes. We found that HCPs were knowledgeable about unsafe abortion, local inducers, and its management. However, their religious and moral biases as well as concern for the safety of women biased their view on the subject-matter and of the women themselves. These biases also affected their willingness to provide care, including provision of analgesics. Notwithstanding these biases and the reported lack of clarity on their legal r