Link Bisgaard (combalarm6)

Surface mining around the world has produced large quantities of waste materials with ecological impacts. Oil sands mining in Canada generates large volumes of petroleum coke and tailings every year, which are stockpiled in the mining areas and must be reclaimed through capping or used in reclamation substrates. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine whether substrates of various mixes of dry tailings (DT), tailings sand (TS), and peat mineral mix (PMM) with coke amendment would support emergence and growth of three grass species commonly used in land reclamation. After 16 wk in the greenhouse, plant performance varied with substrate and amendment. Treatment with DT/TS/PMM (502525) with 40% coke had greatest cover, biomass, and density and the best plant health. Plant growth was inhibited in treatments with DT (100%) and coke (100%) due to high concentrations of hydrocarbons, undesirable exchangeable ions, and salinity that restricted soil water retention (gravimetric water content, hydraulic conductivity) relative to treatments with PMM. Agrostis scabra Willd. and Festuca saximontana. showed poor growth or did not survive on DT and DT/TS with coke. Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners performed better in all DT mixes and performed the best in DT/TS/PMM with 40% coke. Results from this study indicate that mixing with PMM could improve the reclamation potential of DT and coke. Antidepressant are commonly prescribed to persons with cognitive disorders to treat depressive and other neuropsychiatric symptoms despite the inconclusive evidence on their effectiveness on this indication. We studied whether recent hospitalisation was associated with antidepressant initiation in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The register-based Finnish nationwide Medication use and Alzheimer's disease cohort includes community-dwelling persons diagnosed with AD during 2005-2011 in Finland (n=70,718). This study was restricted to people who initiated antidepressant use after AD diagnosis and had no active cancer treatment and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder diagnoses. We performed a nested case-control study with antidepressant initiators as cases. A matched noninitiator (sex, age and AD duration), was identified for each initiator (15,360 matched pairs). Recent hospitalisation was defined as hospital discharge within the past 14 days of initiation. Antidepressant initiators were four times moopsychiatric symptoms leading to hospital admission, inpatient care triggering or worsening neuropsychiatric symptoms or other indications. Nonpharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric symptoms should be prioritised and the threshold for prescribing antidepressants should be high.Familiarity with cone beam computed tomography is a requisite for all dental practitioners involved in its use or referral. This scoping review examines the knowledge, attitudes, competence and confidence of dental practitioners and students towards cone beam computed tomography in the dental setting. A search of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature was conducted to identify and chart existing evidence. Relevant studies written in English and published after 1998 and up to July 2020 were included. Of 679 papers, 39 studies were included for analysis. Key findings include deficient knowledge despite a widespread recognition of its importance and willingness to increase proficiency in its use, as well as a largely positive and optimistic view of the technology. Future studies on practitioners' knowledge and attitudes towards cone beam computed tomography are suggested to consider the contexts of an Australian setting.Gene duplication is an important driver of genomic diversity that can promote adaptive evolution. However, like most mutations, a newly duplicated gene is often deleterious and removed from the genome by drift or natural selection. The early molecular changes that