Hooper Villumsen (clubrose0)

This article presents answers to the questions on superresolution and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) as raised in the editorial of this collection of articles (https//doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0143). These answers are based on my personal views on superresolution in light microscopy, supported by reasoning. Discussed are the definition of superresolution, Abbe's resolution limit and the classification of superresolution methods into nonlinear-, prior knowledge- and near-field-based superresolution. A further focus is put on the capabilities and technical aspects of present and future SIM methods. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (part 1)'.Despite its wide application in live-cell super-resolution (SR) imaging, structured illumination microscopy (SIM) suffers from aberrations caused by various sources. Although artefacts generated from inaccurate reconstruction parameter estimation and noise amplification can be minimized, aberrations due to the scattering of excitation light on samples have rarely been investigated. In this paper, by simulating multiple subcellular structure with the distinct refractive index from water, we study how different thicknesses of this subcellular structure scatter incident light on its optical path of SIM excitation. Because aberrant interference light aggravates with the increase in sample thickness, the reconstruction of the 2D-SIM SR image degraded with the change of focus along the axial axis. Therefore, this work may guide the future development of algorithms to suppress SIM artefacts caused by scattering in thick samples. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (part 1)'.Background Praziquantel is the only drug available to treat schistosomiasis, and there is an urgent demand for new anthelmintic agents. Methodology & results We conducted in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies and report a target fishing investigation. In vitro, tamoxifen was active against adult and immature worms at low concentrations ( less then 5 μM). Selleckchem OSMI-4 Tamoxifen at a single dose (400 mg/kg) or once daily for five consecutive days (100 mg/kg/day) in mice harboring either adult (patent infection) or juvenile (prepatent infection) significantly reduced worm burden (30-70%) and egg production (70-90%). Target fishing studies revealed propionyl-CoA carboxylase as a potential target for tamoxifen in Schistosoma mansoni and glucose uptake by S. mansoni was also significantly reduced. Conclusion Our results provide news evidence of antiparasitic effect of tamoxifen and reveal propionyl-CoA carboxylase as a potential target.Aim Tumor cells adapt to hypoxic microenvironments by releasing the key transcription factor HIF-1α, which promotes angiogenesis, glycolytic phenotype, metastasis and erythropoiesis, allowing proliferation amid low oxygen levels. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of HIF-1α represents a viable strategy for cancer therapy. Methods & Results The authors synthesized a series of novel tetrahydroquinazoline derivatives in six steps and demonstrated that their development had a unique ability to suppress HIF-1α expression through proteasomal degradation. Conclusion Among these compounds, CDMP-TQZ (8bf) exhibited the highest antiproliferative potency in human cancer cells, in part through downregulation of HIF-1α.[Figure see text].[Figure see text].[Figure see text].[Figure see text].Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the United States, and hormone-dependent cancers (breast and prostate cancer) are the most common noncutaneous malignancies in women and men, respectively. The hormonal (endocrine-related) therapies that serve as a backbone for treatment of both cancers improve survival but also increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among survivors. This consensus statement describes the risks associate