Cummings Trevino (claveox87)

Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) 3 and 9 are functionally implicated in the progression of various types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC). However, the roles of these SNPs remain controversial. In addition, they also vary between one population and another. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible association between MMP3-1171 5A/6A and MMP9-1562 CT SNPs and the risk of BC among Egyptians, and to elucidate the alteration of MMP3 and MMP9 gene expression in patients with BC. The present case-control study enrolled 162 patients with BC and 146 control subjects. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR was performed for analysis of the selected SNPs, gene expression of MMP3 and MMP9 was also assessed in 50 patients and 50 control subjects by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The frequencies of 5A/6A genotype and 5A allele of MMP3 were significantly higher in patients with BC compared with in healthy subjects. On the other hand, the distributions of MMP9 genotypes and alleles were not significantly different among patients and healthy subjects. Compared with healthy subjects, the expression levels of the two genes were found to be upregulated in patients with BC. Therefore, the present study indicated that MMP3-1171 5A/6A SNP, not MMP9-1562 C>T SNP may be a risk factor for developing BC among Egyptian females.Myofibroblastoma of the breast is a rare benign stromal tumor that occurs in both sexes with a higher prevalence in male breast of older populations. Furthermore, myofibroblastoma can arise in extra mammary sites, along the milk-line. A variety of morphological variants in addition to the classic type have been identified. The differential diagnosis includes both benign and malignant entities that, through the use of clinical and radiological imaging, is difficult to characterize. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry are fundamental in the establishment of appropriate management of the disease and avoidance of overtreatment. The present study focuses on two cases of male mammary myofibroblastoma, with a short literature review.There are few treatment guidelines for locally recurrent esophageal cancer after trimodality treatment (pre-operative chemoradiation followed by surgery) in patients with a poor performance status. The purpose of this single institutional, retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and toxicities of definitive-intent re-irradiation for patients with recurrent esophageal cancer with a poor performance status [ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) ≥2]. Seven patients were identified with a median age of 74 years (range, 61-81 years). Four patients were ECOG 2 and three patients were ECOG 3. The median follow-up time after re-irradiation was 49 months. The median interval between initial radiotherapy and re-treatment was 32 months. Six patients received concurrent chemotherapy [carboplatin + paclitaxel in three patients; folinic acid, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) + 5-fluorouracil in one patient; FOLFOX in one patient, and capecitabine in one patient]. At the last follow-up, the six patients who underwent concurrent chemotherapy had stable disease (86%), while the one who did not receive chemotherapy progressed (14%). Two patients developed metastases. Three patients developed acute (6 months) were limited to grades 1 and 2 dysphagia and pneumonitis in four patients. In conclusion, definitive re-irradiation of recurrent esophageal cancer in patients with a poor performance status appears to be safe with acceptable acute toxicity and late complications. It also appears to result in durable local control when combined with chemotherapy, albeit with a small number of patients and limited follow-up.A 69-year-old Japanese man underwent an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer 2 years prior to admission at Fukuchiyama City Hospital. A follow-up esophagogastr