Hanson Peters (cabletaste02)

Task sharing of surgical duties with medical doctors (MDs) without formal surgical training and associate clinicians (ACs; health care workers corresponding to an educational level between that of a nurse and an MD) is practiced to provide surgical services to people in low-resource settings. The safety and effectiveness of this has not been fully evaluated through a randomized clinical trial. To determine whether task sharing with MDs and ACs is safe and effective in mesh hernia repair in Sierra Leone. This single-blind, noninferiority randomized clinical trial included adult, healthy men with primary inguinal hernia randomized to receiving surgical treatment from an MD or an AC. In Sierra Leone, ACs practicing surgery have received 2 years of surgical training and completed a 1-year internship. The study was conducted between October 2017 and February 2019. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks and 1 year after operations. Observers were blinded to the study arm of the patients. The study was carried orcentage points; P < .001). These findings demonstrate that task sharing of elective mesh inguinal hernia repair with ACs was safe and effective. The task sharing debate should progress to focus on optimizing surgical training programs for nonsurgeons and building capacity for elective surgical care in low- and middle-income countries. isrctn.org Identifier ISRCTN63478884. isrctn.org Identifier ISRCTN63478884. The proportion of women and underrepresented racial and ethnic groups (UREGs) matriculating into general cardiology fellowships remains low. To assess a systematic recruitment initiative aimed at ensuring adequate matriculation of women and UREGs in a general cardiology fellowship. This quality improvement study took place at a large, tertiary academic medical center and associated Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Cardiovascular Disease fellowship. Participants included cardiology fellowship and divisional leadership and general cardiology fellow applicants to the Duke Cardiovascular Disease Fellowship Program from 2017 to 2019. Data analysis was performed from December 2019 to May 2020. Multipronged initiative that created an environment committed to ensuring equity of opportunity. This included the creation of a fellowship diversity and inclusivity task force that drafted recommendations, which included reorganization of the fellowship recruitment committee, and changes to the apr disease fellowships seeking to diversify training programs.In this issue of JEM, Louka et al. (https//doi.org/10.1084/jem.20180853) report that leukemia stem cells lie within the phenotypic hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell compartments in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Furthermore, they identify several candidate biomarker/therapeutic targets, such as CD96 and SLC2A1, that are of translational significance in JMML.Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to increased glucose concentrations. Müller et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol. https//doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202010039) use 3D FIB-SEM to study the architecture of these cells and to elucidate how glucose stimulation remodels microtubules to control insulin secretory granule exocytosis.Micropatterning is a process to precisely deposit molecules, typically proteins, onto a substrate of choice with micrometer resolution. Watson et al. (2021. J. CM272 clinical trial Cell Biol.https//doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202009063) describe an innovative yet accessible strategy to enable the reproducible micropatterning of virtually any protein while maintaining its biological activity. Plasma phosphorylated tau at threonine 181 (p-tau181) has been proposed as an easily accessible biomarker for the detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, but its ability to monitor disease progression in AD remains unclear. To study the potential of longitudinal plasma p-t