Weeks Joensen (bombgrouse2)

Free mucous membrane grafts and connective soft tissue grafts have been considered the gold standard in oral soft tissue regeneration for a long period of time. Due to the morbidity while harvesting autogenous soft tissue grafts, xenogeneic collagen matrices of porcine origin were recently developed. Next to soft tissue regeneration, these collagen matrices have also been reported to be suitable for bone regeneration in the context of bone graft stabilization and shielding techniques. Collagen matrices are classed as medical devices, and are produced in a complex treatment and cleaning process. With respect to the individual area of indication, collagen matrices are produced from porcine dermis, pericardium, or peritoneum. The advantages and limitations of collagen matrices in comparison to autogenous soft tissue grafts in the different indication areas are controversially discussed. There might be evidence that these collagen matrices are able to reach similar outcomes to autogenous soft tissue grafts in certain indications. Currently, a final assessment of this relevant question is not possible cause of a lack of evidence-based data. Originally published (in German) in Quintessenz Zahnmedizin 2019;7064-76).This paper describes an alternative computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique for the creation of a combined prosthetic restoration with orthodontic appliance (PROA). This concept allows the use of orthodontic appliances such as brackets, attachments, or any other type of appliance over different types of prosthetic restorations. The PROA concept aims to mitigate problems associated with performing restorative treatment when orthodontic treatment is necessary. This proposed concept provides the clinicians with proper control and planning of the interdisciplinary treatment that will lead to the final tooth shape, form, and proportions while performing orthodontic tooth movements.OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of monolithic and bilayer restorations considering heat-pressed and milled/CAD/CAM reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic veneers, on the flexural strength after cementation. METHOD AND MATERIALS Thirty-five specimens were divided into five groups (n = 7), according to the restorative solution 2-mm thickness composite resin (CR2); heat-pressed monolithic ceramic 0.6 mm (HPM), CAD/CAM monolithic ceramics 0.6 mm (CCM); heat-pressed monolithic ceramic 0.4 mm + 0.2 mm glass-ceramic (HPB); CAD/CAM monolithic ceramic 0.4 mm + 0.2 glass-ceramic (CCB). Specimens were cemented on composite resin bars and submitted to a three-point bending test on a Universal Testing Machine, until fracture. Fractured samples were analyzed under stereomicroscope and SEM. Flexural strength data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. RESULTS The control group showed the highest flexural strength results (119.57 ± 19.49 MPa), with values similar to groups HPM (98 ± 25.62 MPa) and CCM (96.14 ± 20.60 MPa). Groups HPB and CCB showed lower values when compared with the other groups. Fracture started from the base on monolithic groups and from ceramic on bilayer groups. CONCLUSION Both ceramic systems (CAD/CAM and heat-pressed) have similar fracture strength, although bilayer restorations present lower strength when compared with monolithic ceramics.Increasing multi-site infant neuroimaging datasets are facilitating the research on understanding early brain development with larger sample size and bigger statistical power. However, a joint analysis of cortical properties (e.g., cortical thickness) is unavoidably facing the problem of non-biological variance introduced by differences in MRI scanners. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose cycle-consistent adversarial networks based on spherical cortical surface to harmonize cortical thickness maps between different scanners. We combine the spherical U-Net and CycleGAN to construct a surface-to-surface CycleGAN (S2SGAN).