Hjorth Gamble (bladeform2)

Population health - understood both as prevention and healthcare - needs good data. Data can support decision making on the system level as well as the delivery of services for each individual. Furthermore, data are a prerequisite for research and innovation. At the same time, health data are hard to come by coverage is spotty or - for certain parts of the system - lacking, available data only provides a proxy view of actual prevention or healthcare, or it exists in formats that hamper or prevent automated processing at scale. Furthermore, the high sensitivity of health data necessitates an equally high degree of protection, further complicating access.These challenges are not specific to Germany but are common in all member states of the European Union. However, up to now, German stakeholders tend to neglect the potential of a joint European approach to these challenges. The article provides an overview of different European initiatives in the domain of health data. The focus is on how German stakeholders can gain better access to these initiatives to benefit from the knowledge and experiences of neighbouring countries, but also to feed back their own knowledge into the European loop. In order to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV‑2 (severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirustype2) the federal states and the government in Germany have implemented protective measures with far-reaching consequences for the population and the economy. Amongst others, these measures include the temporary restriction of the operation of leisure facilities as well as contact and travel restrictions. These government regulations and recommendations have provoked mixed reactions, with some parts of the population not complying accordingly. The aim of the present study is to explore reasons for the noncompliance with protective measures on the basis of social media posts. Three social networks (Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube comments) were systematically investigated for the period 2March to 18April 2020 with regard to attitudes and beliefs about "social distancing" and other protective measures by means of qualitative document and content analysis. A total of 119 postings were included in the analysis and in of implemented protective measures, health education and transparent and evidence-based communication represent relevant determinants. This compact overview outlines the responsibilities and broad field of tasks of a post-doctoral fellow in surgical teaching within the framework of studies in human medicine. Narrative short review based on own individual and institutional teaching experiences. Role of the post-doctoral fellow (selection) (i) due to the planned (sub)specialization by the respective habilitation project and because of the accumulated (administrative and scientific as well as teaching) experience within the framework of this scientific graduation, the post-doctoral fellow appears to be a more suitable, motivated and competent doctoral manager and supervisor compared to colleagues who do not intend to get the habilitation. (ii) Dependence of medical disciplines the role that can be taken in teaching is highly dependent on the subject matter and discipline. Thus, there is the possibility and the duty to always mediate competent practical skills in surgical subjects in addition to theoretical knowledge and to pay strict atte, the practical year and the support of a dissertation can be sufficiently fulfilled by the post-doctoral fellow in addition to the development of facultative teaching concepts full of ideas.Diverticula of the colon are very common and usually asymptomatic but 20% of people with diverticulosis develop symptoms and sometimes also complications, such as diverticulitis with abscesses or perforation and bleeding. In the long-term stenoses or a conglomerate can occur. The treatment depends on the type of diverticular disease, on the knowledge of risk indicator