Erichsen Acevedo (birchyam1)

For the production of fermented milk drinks, cultures of microorganisms other than traditionally applied can be used. Such possibilities are created by the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY), which is used to produce kombucha. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using kombucha and the SCOBY for fermented milk drink products. The drinks were developed with a lactose-free variant and traditional milk. For the analysis of the obtained beverages, microbiological methods (CFU method), chemical methods (pH method and HPLC method) and the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) sensory method were used. As a result of the research, a recipe and the fermentation parameters for fermented milk drinks were developed. In the developed lactose milk drinks, the average lactose content was 4.25 g/100 g. In lactose-free milk drinks, the average glucose content was 2.26 g/100 g. Lactic acid in both types of products was at the highest average level of 0.68 g/100 g. The products had a characteristic pH value for fermented milk drinks and a very good microbiological quality, which followed the FAO/WHO guidelines. Drinks also had a typical sensory profile for this products group. However, slight sensory defects were detected. The developed fermented milk drinks have a potential health-promoting value, thanks to the content of active microflora and organic acids, which have a confirmed positive effect on the human body. The drinks produced require further testing to optimize their cost of production, possible health benefits and sensory quality.Published data on the size-specific effective orifice area (EOA) of transcatheter heart valves (THVs) remain scarce. Here, we sought to investigate the intra-individual changes in EOA and mean transvalvular aortic gradient (MG) of the Sapien 3 (S3), CoreValve (CV), and Evolut R (EVR) prostheses both at short-term and at 1-year follow-up. The study sample consisted of 260 consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). EOAs and MGs were measured with Doppler echocardiography for the following prostheses S3 23 mm (n = 74; 28.5%), S3 26 mm (n = 67; 25.8%), S3 29 mm (n = 20; 7.7%), CV 23 mm (n = 2; 0.8%), CV 26 mm (n = 15; 5.8%), CV 29 mm (n = 24; 9.2%), CV 31 mm (n = 9; 3.5%), EVR 26 mm (n = 22; 8.5%), and EVR 29 mm (n = 27; 10.4%). Values were obtained at discharge, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year from implantation. At discharge, EOAs were larger and MGs lower for larger-size prostheses, regardless of being balloon-expandable or self-expandable. In patients with small aortic annulus size, the hemodynamic performances of CV and EVR prostheses were superior to those of S3. However, we did not observe significant differences in terms of all-cause mortality according to THV type or size. Both balloon-expandable and self-expandable new-generation THVs show excellent hemodynamic performances without evidence of very early valve degeneration.The cutaneous delivery route currently accounts for almost 10% of all administered drugs and it is becoming more common. Chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs) increase the transport of drugs across skin layers by different mechanisms that depend on the chemical nature of the penetration enhancers. In our work, we created a chemical penetration enhancer database (CPE-DB) that is, to the best of our knowledge, the first CPE database. We collected information about known enhancers and their derivatives in a single database, and classified and characterized their molecular diversity in terms of scaffold content, key chemical moieties, molecular descriptors, etc. CPE-DB can be used for virtual screening and similarity search to identify new potent and safe enhancers, building quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models, and other machine-learning (ML) applications for the prediction of biological activity.In this paper,