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Unpaired Student's t-test, chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was utilized with significance set at P < 0.05. After exclusion, 119 patients participated in the trial, 56 randomized to PCs and 63 to CTs. Baseline characteristics between the two groups were similar. The primary outcome, failure rate, was similar between the 2 groups (11% PCs vs. 13% CTs, P = 0.74). All other secondary outcomes were also similar, except PC patients reported lower IPE scores (median, 1, "I can tolerate it"; IR, 1-2) than CT patients (median, 3, "It was a bad experience"; IR, 2-5, P<0.001). Small caliber 14Fr PCs are equally as effective as 28-32Fr CTs in their ability to drain traumatic HTX with no difference in complications. Patients reported better IPE scores with PCs over CTs, suggesting PCs are better tolerated. Level I. Level I. The use of whole blood (WB) for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock and coagulopathy is increasing in civilian trauma patients. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4-PCC) in adjunct to component therapy showed improved outcomes in trauma patients. Our study aims to evaluate the outcomes of trauma patients who received 4-PCC and WB (4-PCC-WB) compared with WB alone. We performed a 3-year (2015-2017) analysis of the American College of Surgeons-Trauma Quality Improvement Program database. All adult (age, ≥18 years) trauma patients who received WB were included. We excluded patients who were on preinjury anticoagulants. Patients were stratified into two groups, 4-PCC-WB versus WB alone, and matched in a 12 ratio using propensity score matching. Outcome measures were packed red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate transfused, in-hospital complications, hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) among survivors, and mortality. A total of 252 patients (4-PCC-WB, 84; WB alone, 168) were matched. The mean ± SD age was 47 ± 21 years, 63% were males, median Injury Severity Score was 30 (21-40), and 87% had blunt injuries. Patients who received 4-PCC-WB had decreased requirement for packed red blood cell (8 U vs. 10 U, p = 0.04) and fresh frozen plasma (6 U vs. 8 U, p = 0.01) transfusion, lower rates of acute kidney injury (p = 0.03), and ICU LOS (5 days vs. 8 days, p = 0.01) compared with WB alone. There was no difference in the platelet transfusion (p = 0.19), cryoprecipitate transfusion (p = 0.37), hospital LOS (p = 0.72), and in-hospital mortality (p = 0.72) between the two groups. Our study demonstrates that the use of 4-PCC as an adjunct to WB is associated with a reduction in transfusion requirements and ICU LOS compared with WB alone in the resuscitation of trauma patients. buy Danicamtiv Further studies are required to evaluate the role of PCC with WB in the resuscitation of trauma patients. Therapeutic, level III. Therapeutic, level III. Building capacity for research and innovation among point-of-care health professionals can translate into positive outcomes from the organization, staff, and patient perspective. However, there is not a widely accepted framework in place across academic hospitals to guide this work and measure impact. This article outlines one Canadian hospital's approach and provides a blueprint with appropriate indicators as a starting point and guide for organizations looking to develop and implement a practice-based research and innovation strategy. An adapted framework was utilized to measure and track progress toward achievement of research and innovation strategic goals. The framework outlines key domains for research and capacity development and appropriate metrics. Data are reported from a 4-year period (2014-2018). The evaluation of the practice-based research and innovation portfolio identified several important factors that contribute to the success of embedding this strategy across a large academic teaching i