Garner McGee (altomay5)

. To evaluate the correlation between sacral/vertebral anomalies and spinal cord anomalies (SCA) on MRI, in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM). Patients with ARM consecutively treated between January 1999 and August 2019 were included. Radiological imaging of sacrum and spine were retrospectively analyzed and correlated to the presence of SCA at MRI. Fisher's exact test and X test were used as appropriate; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 348 patients with ARM were enrolled in the study, 147 presented SCA at MRI. 144 patients showed spinal bone anomalies, isolated vertebral and sacral anomalies were found in 17,6% and 35% respectively. Higher level of ARM was associated with a significant higher prevalence of sacral and vertebral anomalies. A significant correlation was found between the "level" of ARM and the presence of SCA (p<0.05). Sacral anomalies were significantly correlated with the presence of SCA at MRI (p<0.05). SCA were found in 70% of patients with vertebraln sacral or vertebral anomalies and SCA. However, in our series also patients without sacral/vertebral anomalies had SCA at MRI. Our results suggest that, despite the presence or absence of spinal anomalies, spinal cord MRI should be performed in all children with ARM, to allow a correct multidisciplinary follow-up and treatment. In fact, most patients with spinal bone and SCA are asymptomatic, but could develop clinical manifestations during their growth. Victims of child physical abuse (CPA) undergo stabilization and social evaluation during initial management. Current data guides the initial hospital course, but few studies evaluate post-hospital care. The aim of this study was to evaluate compliance with recommended post-discharge visits. A retrospective review of our trauma database at a Level I pediatric trauma center from 2014-2018 was performed. Data included demographics, injuries, and longitudinal outcomes. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were performed. There were 401 patients (409 unique presentations). Median age was 7 months. Mortality was 6%. Ninety-five percent (358/377) had recommended appointments with multiple specialty services. Compliance with all recommended visits during the first year after injury was 88%. Patients with complex injuries were as likely to comply with recommended follow-up [72% vs. 67%, p=0.4]; however, they were more likely to still be receiving care at 1 year (58% vs. 14%, p=0.0001). TGF-beta inhibitor review Those discharged to CPS custody were more likely to be compliant with their follow-up (90% vs. 82%, p=0.03). Patients significantly injured due to CPA require more post-hospital care over time. CPA management guidelines should include a mechanism to provide resources to these patients and manage multiple coordinating consultants . Patients significantly injured due to CPA require more post-hospital care over time. CPA management guidelines should include a mechanism to provide resources to these patients and manage multiple coordinating consultants . Children affected by 45,X/46,XY mosaicism have a wide spectrum in their phenotypes. Although surgery has a role in management, there is no universally agreed strategy. We conducted a retrospective review in a tertiary center on the surgical management and its long-term outcomes in children with the karyotype 45,X/46,XY or its variants over a 20-year study period. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on their phenotypes. 22 children(female=13, male=9) were included in the study, and were grouped as I)female phenotype(n=11), II)ambiguous external genitalia(n=2), III)undervirilized male with hypospadias(n=6), and IV)normal male phenotype(n=3). 19/22(86%) underwent gonadal surgeries(bilateral gonadectomy=15; unilateral gonadectomy=1; testicular biopsy=3) and 8/22(36%) underwent genitalia reconstructive surg