Fuentes Thybo (agendabone55)

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains an important treatment of geriatric patients. ECT treats severe depression, mania, psychosis, catatonia, and comorbid depression and agitation in dementia. ECT also serves a crucial role in treating urgent illness requiring expedient recovery, such as catatonia, or in patients with severe suicidal ideation or intent. ECT is even more effective in the elderly than in mixed-age adult populations. ECT is a safe treatment option with few medical contraindications. Cognitive effects are largely transient, even in patients with preexisting cognitive impairment. Published by Elsevier Inc.The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) was proposed to account for the discrepancy between levels of brain pathologic process or damage and clinical and cognitive function. We provide a detailed review of prospective longitudinal studies that have investigated the interaction between CR and Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers on clinical and cognitive outcomes among individuals with normal cognition at baseline. Current evidence is consistent with the view that higher levels of CR are associated with a delay in the onset of symptoms of mild cognitive impairment and that there may be multiple pathways by which CR exerts its protective effects. Anxiety disorders in later life are some of the most significant mental health problems affecting older adults. Prevalence estimates of anxiety disorders in late life vary considerably based on multiple methodological issues. Current diagnostic criteria may not adequately capture the nature and experience of anxiety in older people, particularly those in ethnic and racial minority groups. This article reviews late-life anxiety disorders. Pharmacologic and psychotherapy approaches to treat late-life anxiety are reviewed, including a summary of current innovations in clinical care across settings, treatment models, and treatment delivery. A crisis looms as research and clinical programs have not kept pace with dramatic increases in the number of older adults with schizophrenia. This article provides an overview of the advances in the conceptualization and study of schizophrenia in later life. Theoretic and clinical models in psychiatry and gerontology are integrated. Specifically, recovery is examined in the context of aging, how clinical dimensionality affects diagnoses in older adults, how various features of schizophrenia are implicated in models of accelerated and paradoxic aging, and how outcome in later life is a more dynamic and heterogeneous than assumed previously. The world's older population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate. This trend amplifies the necessity of improving the care of older patients with chronic health problems. Of those with chronic health problems, those with cardiovascular diseases and depression are particularly challenging due to the multifaceted nature of these conditions. This review discusses the significance of this aging trend and ways to better care for this particular population. Hearing loss is among the most frequent problems experienced by older adults, yet psychiatrists and other clinicians often ignore the problem as an aggravation rather than recognizing that the problem might benefit from appropriate hearing health care. Many psychiatric disorders have been associated with hearing loss, including depression, schizophrenia and other psychoses, anxiety, and neurocognitive disorders. Angiogenesis inhibitor In this article, hearing loss among older adults is reviewed, with special attention directed toward the recognition and proper referral to a hearing health care provider. Finally, major advances in hearing health care are discussed. Delirium is defined as an acute disturbance in attention and cognition, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. This article discusses the basic epidemiology of delirium and approaches to diagnosing, assessing, and working up patients for delirium. It delineates the pathophysio